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file_name=biomedica_00167353.jpg caption=Figure ="fig" "1748-717X-7-80-1">1 shows the average dose volume histograms (DVH) for the breast/chest wall (CTV1), the lymph node areas (CTVn), the contralateral breast, the ipsilateral lung for all patients and the heart for left sided irradiation. This shows a more homogeneous coverage of the CTV1 and the CTVn in the Tomotherapy group. We compare the CTV and not the PTV data, because no PTV is made for the conventional treatment, since the borders of the irradiation field for this group are chosen according to clinical landmarks. A small margin is allowed in the Tomotherapy group, since daily megavolt CT imaging is performed before every treatment session. Notice the tail in the CTV1 of the Tomotherapy group. This is explained by the dose gradient from the CTV1 to the boost volume (CTVb). This is not present in the conventional therapy, because the boost in this group is given after the end of the whole breast irradiation. This additional boost is given with electrons. Our planning source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Figure ="fig" "1748-717X-7-80-1">1 shows the average dose volume histograms (DVH) for the breast/chest wall (CTV1), the lymph node areas (CTVn), the contralateral breast, the ipsilateral lung for all patients and the heart for left sided irradiation. This shows a more homogeneous coverage of the CTV1 and the CTVn in the Tomotherapy group. We compare the CTV and not the PTV data, because no PTV is made for the conventional treatment, since the borders of the irradiation field for this group are chosen according to clinical landmarks. A small margin is allowed in the Tomotherapy group, since daily megavolt CT imaging is performed before every treatment session. Notice the tail in the CTV1 of the Tomotherapy group. This is explained by the dose gradient from the CTV1 to the boost volume (CTVb). This is not present in the conventional therapy, because the boost in this group is given after the end of the whole breast irradiation. This additional boost is given with electrons. Our planni think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00192486.jpg caption=An example of a Wheeler graph is shown in "gr001" ="fig">Fig. 1 . As an immediate consequence of . As an immediate consequence of (1), all edges entering a given node must have the same label. We now show that Wheeler graphs also possess the following property:Fig. 1An eight-node Wheeler graph. Node 1 has in-degree 0; edges labeled a enters in nodes 2, 3, 4; edges labeled b in nodes 5, 6; edges labeled c in nodes 7, 8.Fig. 1 A plain, edge-by-edge representation of a labeled graph with n nodes and e edges uses Θ(e(log⁡n+log⁡\|A\|)) bits. Given a Wheeler graph G, let x1<x2<⋯<xn denote the ordered set of nodes. For i=1,…,n let ℓi and ki denote respectively the out-degree and in-degree of node xi. Define the binary arrays of length e+n(2)O=0ℓ110ℓ21⋯0ℓn1,I=0k110k21⋯0kn1. Note that O (resp. I) consists of the concatenated unary representations of the out-degrees (resp. in-degrees). Let Li denote the multiset of labels on the edges exiting from xi arranged in an arbitrary order, and let L[1..e] source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: An example of a Wheeler graph is shown in "gr001" ="fig">Fig. 1 . As an immediate consequence of . As an immediate consequence of (1), all edges entering a given node must have the same label. We now show that Wheeler graphs also possess the following property:Fig. 1An eight-node Wheeler graph. Node 1 has in-degree 0; edges labeled a enters in nodes 2, 3, 4; edges labeled b in nodes 5, 6; edges labeled c in nodes 7, 8.Fig. 1 A plain, edge-by-edge representation of a labeled graph with n nodes and e edges uses Θ(e(log⁡n+log⁡\|A\|)) bits. Given a Wheeler graph G, let x1<x2<⋯<xn denote the ordered set of nodes. For i=1,…,n let ℓi and ki denote respectively the out-degree and in-degree of node xi. Define the binary arrays of length e+n(2)O=0ℓ110ℓ21⋯0ℓn1,I=0k110k21⋯0kn1. Note that O (resp. I) consists of the concatenated unary representations of the out-degrees (resp. in-degrees). Let Li denote the multiset of labels on the edges exiting from xi arranged in an arbitrary order, and let L[1. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00696738.jpg caption=The relationships between one dose and amikacin concentrations (Cmax and Cmin) are shown in "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 . As one dose increased, a higher Cmax and Cmin was achieved (Cmax, R. As one dose increased, a higher Cmax and Cmin was achieved (Cmax, R2 = 0.78, "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 A; Cmin, RA; Cmin, R2 = 0.57, "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 B).B). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The relationships between one dose and amikacin concentrations (Cmax and Cmin) are shown in "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 . As one dose increased, a higher Cmax and Cmin was achieved (Cmax, R. As one dose increased, a higher Cmax and Cmin was achieved (Cmax, R2 = 0.78, "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 A; Cmin, RA; Cmin, R2 = 0.57, "ijerph-19-01972-g002" ="fig">Figure 2 B).B). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=pmcvqa_00014458.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What did the initial contrast-enhanced computed tomography show? Answer: A huge homogeneous, sharply defined mass compressing the aorta. source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What did the initial contrast-enhanced computed tomography show? Answer: A huge homogeneous, sharply defined mass compressing the aorta. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00302670.jpg caption=Encouraged by the promising in vitro results, we used a full-thickness cutaneous wound model to investigate the efficacy of MDL-800 in wound healing ( "OMCL2022-1619651.004" ="fig">Figure 4(a) ). We examined the effect of MDL-800 on the healing process on BALB/C mice. Briefly, 5 and 25 mg/kg MDL-800 were, respectively, applied to the full-thickness dermal wound model, with the saline group (containing 5% PED-400) serving the control group. The wounds were photographed on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 postsurgery. Wounds treated with MDL-800 had a faster wound repair process (). We examined the effect of MDL-800 on the healing process on BALB/C mice. Briefly, 5 and 25 mg/kg MDL-800 were, respectively, applied to the full-thickness dermal wound model, with the saline group (containing 5% PED-400) serving the control group. The wounds were photographed on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 postsurgery. Wounds treated with MDL-800 had a faster wound repair process ( "OMCL2022-1619651.004" ="fig">Figure 4(b source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Encouraged by the promising in vitro results, we used a full-thickness cutaneous wound model to investigate the efficacy of MDL-800 in wound healing ( "OMCL2022-1619651.004" ="fig">Figure 4(a) ). We examined the effect of MDL-800 on the healing process on BALB/C mice. Briefly, 5 and 25 mg/kg MDL-800 were, respectively, applied to the full-thickness dermal wound model, with the saline group (containing 5% PED-400) serving the control group. The wounds were photographed on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 postsurgery. Wounds treated with MDL-800 had a faster wound repair process (). We examined the effect of MDL-800 on the healing process on BALB/C mice. Briefly, 5 and 25 mg/kg MDL-800 were, respectively, applied to the full-thickness dermal wound model, with the saline group (containing 5% PED-400) serving the control group. The wounds were photographed on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 postsurgery. Wounds treated with MDL-800 had a faster wound repair process ( "OMCL2022-1619651.004" ="fig">Figure think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00370870.jpg caption=In Fig. "41239_2023_382_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 we summarize our theoretical considerations. We argue that the digital conditions of teachers and students alike influence learning success. We differentiate the degree of digitization into three components in each case, although the concrete design for teachers and students might differ. While for students the general setting is the housing situation, for teachers the general setting is the digital teaching condition. Interaction opportunity for teachers refers to the creation of possibilities for active interaction, for students it refers to the exchange that takes place in learning groups. Basically, we assume that when all three digital conditions are present for teachers and students, learning success will be highest. we summarize our theoretical considerations. We argue that the digital conditions of teachers and students alike influence learning success. We differentiate the degree of digitization into three components in each case, al source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In Fig. "41239_2023_382_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 we summarize our theoretical considerations. We argue that the digital conditions of teachers and students alike influence learning success. We differentiate the degree of digitization into three components in each case, although the concrete design for teachers and students might differ. While for students the general setting is the housing situation, for teachers the general setting is the digital teaching condition. Interaction opportunity for teachers refers to the creation of possibilities for active interaction, for students it refers to the exchange that takes place in learning groups. Basically, we assume that when all three digital conditions are present for teachers and students, learning success will be highest. we summarize our theoretical considerations. We argue that the digital conditions of teachers and students alike influence learning success. We differentiate the degree of digitization into three components in each case, think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00609197.jpg caption=Our aim was to explore whether climate change drives metabolic plasticity in Sphagnum mosses, with cascading effects on peatland CO2 uptake. By performing a fully reciprocal peat transplant experiment across a gradient of nearly 10°C air temperature and 200 mm precipitation, we were able to expand upon previous findings to show that warming influences not only Sphagnum polyphenols (Jassey et al., 2011b) but also many primary and secondary metabolites. We find that Sphagnum species produce different concentrations of metabolites even when exposed to the same climate conditions at a site. However, the responses of the different species were parallel (Fig. "NPH-237-1164-g002" ="fig">3 ); in other words, the production of metabolites of ); in other words, the production of metabolites of Sphagnum species changed in proportion to one another across the temperature gradient. Moreover, we find that a warmer climate caused plasticity in the seasonality of Sphagnum metabolites, increasing or lo source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Our aim was to explore whether climate change drives metabolic plasticity in Sphagnum mosses, with cascading effects on peatland CO2 uptake. By performing a fully reciprocal peat transplant experiment across a gradient of nearly 10°C air temperature and 200 mm precipitation, we were able to expand upon previous findings to show that warming influences not only Sphagnum polyphenols (Jassey et al., 2011b) but also many primary and secondary metabolites. We find that Sphagnum species produce different concentrations of metabolites even when exposed to the same climate conditions at a site. However, the responses of the different species were parallel (Fig. "NPH-237-1164-g002" ="fig">3 ); in other words, the production of metabolites of ); in other words, the production of metabolites of Sphagnum species changed in proportion to one another across the temperature gradient. Moreover, we find that a warmer climate caused plasticity in the seasonality of Sphagnum metabolites, increasing or think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00627164.jpg caption=Schematic of the TRIO approach (a) and resulting starter cells in PB neurons that project to the PVT (b). The presence of starter cells is indicated by small white arrowheads at low magnification (left side) and examples are shown at higher magnification (right side) in b. See list for abbreviations. Scale bars: 50 µm for the lower magnification images and 10 µm for the higher ones source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Schematic of the TRIO approach (a) and resulting starter cells in PB neurons that project to the PVT (b). The presence of starter cells is indicated by small white arrowheads at low magnification (left side) and examples are shown at higher magnification (right side) in b. See list for abbreviations. Scale bars: 50 µm for the lower magnification images and 10 µm for the higher ones A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00189242.jpg caption=The differences in \|E/E0\| for dimer and trimer properties are in good agreement with the obtained cross-section electric field profiles ( "ijms-22-10595-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ). Clearly, dimer structures reveal better \|E/E). Clearly, dimer structures reveal better \|E/E0\| characteristics when compared with trimers. Therefore, our justification for identifying a good design approach for self-assembled plasmonic NP clusters with dimer and trimer nanostructures can be reasonable. In general, disk nanostructure is advantageous considering near-field enhancement deterioration rate when “g” is varied from smaller to larger size. However, on the contrary, spherical NPs seem to outperform cubical nanostructures in terms of \|E/E0\| when considering smaller gap sizes until 8 nm. It is necessary to understand the reason behind this nature, as it can play a vital role in various applications. It is not easy to interpret by only considering electric field profiles. Therefore, we considered three-dime source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The differences in \|E/E0\| for dimer and trimer properties are in good agreement with the obtained cross-section electric field profiles ( "ijms-22-10595-g003" ="fig">Figure 3 ). Clearly, dimer structures reveal better \|E/E). Clearly, dimer structures reveal better \|E/E0\| characteristics when compared with trimers. Therefore, our justification for identifying a good design approach for self-assembled plasmonic NP clusters with dimer and trimer nanostructures can be reasonable. In general, disk nanostructure is advantageous considering near-field enhancement deterioration rate when “g” is varied from smaller to larger size. However, on the contrary, spherical NPs seem to outperform cubical nanostructures in terms of \|E/E0\| when considering smaller gap sizes until 8 nm. It is necessary to understand the reason behind this nature, as it can play a vital role in various applications. It is not easy to interpret by only considering electric field profiles. Therefore, we considered three-d think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00365433.jpg caption=To define the potential interference of O2 fluctuations on the lactate and glucose measurements by LOx-GOx MBA during SD, we further measured the changes in O2 concentration in the extracellular space of the rat brain with a sentinel site polarized at a negative potential (−0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl)18. The LOx-GOx MBA was inserted in the medial parietal association cortex along with a laser Doppler probe to monitor cortical CBF. SD events were mechanically induced by a needle prick 5 mm away from the recording site as seen in Fig. "41598_2017_7119_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 . Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters revealed spontaneous fluctuations of heart and respiration rate and pulse oximetry within a physiological range, without correlation to SD events. The CBF was measured in close proximity of the LOx-GOx MBA to confirm the occurrence of the SD episode. Hyperemia typically starts . Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters revealed spontaneous fluctuations of heart and respi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To define the potential interference of O2 fluctuations on the lactate and glucose measurements by LOx-GOx MBA during SD, we further measured the changes in O2 concentration in the extracellular space of the rat brain with a sentinel site polarized at a negative potential (−0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl)18. The LOx-GOx MBA was inserted in the medial parietal association cortex along with a laser Doppler probe to monitor cortical CBF. SD events were mechanically induced by a needle prick 5 mm away from the recording site as seen in Fig. "41598_2017_7119_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 . Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters revealed spontaneous fluctuations of heart and respiration rate and pulse oximetry within a physiological range, without correlation to SD events. The CBF was measured in close proximity of the LOx-GOx MBA to confirm the occurrence of the SD episode. Hyperemia typically starts . Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters revealed spontaneous fluctuations of heart and re think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00636669.jpg caption=="fig" "IJMI2011-874585.006">Figure 6 shows ATP content in untreated and treated MCF-7 cells. Compared with control cells, ATP content was significantly decreased after treatment with tamoxifen ( shows ATP content in untreated and treated MCF-7 cells. Compared with control cells, ATP content was significantly decreased after treatment with tamoxifen (t = 3.7, P < .01), doxorubicin (t = 2.45, P < .02), and docetaxel (t = 3.33, P < .003). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ="fig" "IJMI2011-874585.006">Figure 6 shows ATP content in untreated and treated MCF-7 cells. Compared with control cells, ATP content was significantly decreased after treatment with tamoxifen ( shows ATP content in untreated and treated MCF-7 cells. Compared with control cells, ATP content was significantly decreased after treatment with tamoxifen (t = 3.7, P < .01), doxorubicin (t = 2.45, P < .02), and docetaxel (t = 3.33, P < .003). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00229157.jpg caption=Three additional questions concerning screening and management of anemia and SHP were posed: (1) is it a complication of CKD;(2) at what stage of CKD do you screen for it; and (3) at what level of hemoglobin (Hgb) or parathyroid hormone (PTH), respectively, do you start therapy or ask for a consultation when faced with a patient whose creatinine clearance is 40 ml/min. Only respondents who answered all three questions were included in the analysis (N = 312). Data from all respondents, family and internal medicine trainees and attendings, were pooled for this analysis and represented as area proportional Venn diagrams (Figure ="fig" "1741-7015-4-30-5">5 ). In each diagram, area A represents the proportion of respondents who identified the condition as a complication of CKD, area B indicates the proportion of respondents screening for the condition in stage 3 CKD or earlier, and area C shows the proportion of respondents who started therapy or asked for a consult at a Hgb < 11 g/dl or source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Three additional questions concerning screening and management of anemia and SHP were posed: (1) is it a complication of CKD;(2) at what stage of CKD do you screen for it; and (3) at what level of hemoglobin (Hgb) or parathyroid hormone (PTH), respectively, do you start therapy or ask for a consultation when faced with a patient whose creatinine clearance is 40 ml/min. Only respondents who answered all three questions were included in the analysis (N = 312). Data from all respondents, family and internal medicine trainees and attendings, were pooled for this analysis and represented as area proportional Venn diagrams (Figure ="fig" "1741-7015-4-30-5">5 ). In each diagram, area A represents the proportion of respondents who identified the condition as a complication of CKD, area B indicates the proportion of respondents screening for the condition in stage 3 CKD or earlier, and area C shows the proportion of respondents who started therapy or asked for a consult at a Hgb < 11 g/dl think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD Z13.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=Z13.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00083004.jpg caption=Right postural plagiocephaly was present in 21 cases, left postural plagiocephaly in 17 cases. Asymmetric tentorial insertion was observed in 34 cases (Fig. "381_2021_5322_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ). Thirteen patients presented both anatomical variants. In asymmetric dural sinus anomalies, the most severe alterations were significantly associated with the flattened side of patients with postural plagiocephaly, both on the right side (). Thirteen patients presented both anatomical variants. In asymmetric dural sinus anomalies, the most severe alterations were significantly associated with the flattened side of patients with postural plagiocephaly, both on the right side (p ≤ 0.001) and on the left side (p ≤ 0.001) (Fig. "381_2021_5322_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ).).Fig. 3Asymmetric tentorial insertion (ATI). A Note the left occipital lobe crossing the midline, lying lower than the contralateral lobe, associated with contralateral displacement of the torcular herophili. B Same case of (A); angio MRV source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Right postural plagiocephaly was present in 21 cases, left postural plagiocephaly in 17 cases. Asymmetric tentorial insertion was observed in 34 cases (Fig. "381_2021_5322_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 ). Thirteen patients presented both anatomical variants. In asymmetric dural sinus anomalies, the most severe alterations were significantly associated with the flattened side of patients with postural plagiocephaly, both on the right side (). Thirteen patients presented both anatomical variants. In asymmetric dural sinus anomalies, the most severe alterations were significantly associated with the flattened side of patients with postural plagiocephaly, both on the right side (p ≤ 0.001) and on the left side (p ≤ 0.001) (Fig. "381_2021_5322_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ).).Fig. 3Asymmetric tentorial insertion (ATI). A Note the left occipital lobe crossing the midline, lying lower than the contralateral lobe, associated with contralateral displacement of the torcular herophili. B Same case of (A); angio think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00243574.jpg caption=Hazard ratio of diabetes (panel A: men and B: women) and impaired fasting glucose (panel C: men and D: women) according to the joint classification of body mass index and waist circumference in men and women, adjusting for age (y), education (illiteracy/primary, high school or college, or above), working environment (working on the ground, underground, not exposure to dust, or underground, exposure to dust), family history of diabetes (yes/no), smoking (never, past smoker, current smoker 1–19 cigarettes/d, or current smoker 20+ cigarettes/d), alcohol drinking (never, past drinker, current drinker <1 time/d, or current drinker 1+ times/d), hypertension (yes/no), and fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Hazard ratio of diabetes (panel A: men and B: women) and impaired fasting glucose (panel C: men and D: women) according to the joint classification of body mass index and waist circumference in men and women, adjusting for age (y), education (illiteracy/primary, high school or college, or above), working environment (working on the ground, underground, not exposure to dust, or underground, exposure to dust), family history of diabetes (yes/no), smoking (never, past smoker, current smoker 1–19 cigarettes/d, or current smoker 20+ cigarettes/d), alcohol drinking (never, past drinker, current drinker <1 time/d, or current drinker 1+ times/d), hypertension (yes/no), and fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00281382.jpg caption=We first evaluated the clinical sensitivity and specificity of self-collected finger-prick dried blood spots. Among 31 COVID-19 patients, 31 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against S1 protein. For 80 healthy donors, 80 tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The preliminary results indicated 100% sensitivity (95% CI 89–100%) and 100% specificity (95% CI 95–100%) of mailer-based finger-prick dried blood spot specimens (Fig. "41598_2020_76913_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ). The corresponding positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value were 100%. Future studies could affirm the observed results at a larger scale.). The corresponding positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value were 100%. Future studies could affirm the observed results at a larger scale.Figure 1SARS-CoV-2 antibodies levels in self-collected finger-prick dried blood spots. Dried blood spot eluents were tested by the ADAP method for antibodies against the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2. Sign source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We first evaluated the clinical sensitivity and specificity of self-collected finger-prick dried blood spots. Among 31 COVID-19 patients, 31 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against S1 protein. For 80 healthy donors, 80 tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The preliminary results indicated 100% sensitivity (95% CI 89–100%) and 100% specificity (95% CI 95–100%) of mailer-based finger-prick dried blood spot specimens (Fig. "41598_2020_76913_Fig1_HTML" ="fig">1 ). The corresponding positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value were 100%. Future studies could affirm the observed results at a larger scale.). The corresponding positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value were 100%. Future studies could affirm the observed results at a larger scale.Figure 1SARS-CoV-2 antibodies levels in self-collected finger-prick dried blood spots. Dried blood spot eluents were tested by the ADAP method for antibodies against the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2. S think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00456242.jpg caption=GZ17-6.02 kills MF cells more efficaciously than its component parts.MF cells were treated with vehicle control, GZ17-6.02 (curcumin (2.0 μM) + harmine (4.5 μM) + isovanillin (37.2 μM)) or with component parts of GZ17-6.02 as individual agents at the indicated concentrations or in duo combinations. Cells were isolated 48 h afterwards and viability determined via trypan blue exclusion assays (n = 3 +/− SD). ## p < 0.05 greater than other tested drug treatments. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: GZ17-6.02 kills MF cells more efficaciously than its component parts.MF cells were treated with vehicle control, GZ17-6.02 (curcumin (2.0 μM) + harmine (4.5 μM) + isovanillin (37.2 μM)) or with component parts of GZ17-6.02 as individual agents at the indicated concentrations or in duo combinations. Cells were isolated 48 h afterwards and viability determined via trypan blue exclusion assays (n = 3 +/− SD). ## p < 0.05 greater than other tested drug treatments. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00370681.jpg caption=The electronic medical record was reviewed in a retrospective nature to determine the nusinersen status at the time of each initial questionnaire to produce four cohorts: (1) No Intent of Treatment, which included patients who did not start nor proceeded with any nusinesen treatment at time of final outcome measure; (2) Intent of Treatment, which included patients not on any treatment at time of initial questionnaire but began therapy after the initial assessment; (3) Loading Phase, which included patients within the first two months of treatment (received four intrathecal infusions) at the first quality of life (QOL) assessment; and (4) Maintenance Phase, which included patients on maintenance schedule (infusion every 4 months) at the time of initial QOL assessment. Cohorts 2–4 were receiving maintenance dosing at the time of their final survey ( ="fig" "children-08-00604-g001">Figure 1 ). Pairwise differences between initial and final scores were analyzed within each cohort.). Pairwi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The electronic medical record was reviewed in a retrospective nature to determine the nusinersen status at the time of each initial questionnaire to produce four cohorts: (1) No Intent of Treatment, which included patients who did not start nor proceeded with any nusinesen treatment at time of final outcome measure; (2) Intent of Treatment, which included patients not on any treatment at time of initial questionnaire but began therapy after the initial assessment; (3) Loading Phase, which included patients within the first two months of treatment (received four intrathecal infusions) at the first quality of life (QOL) assessment; and (4) Maintenance Phase, which included patients on maintenance schedule (infusion every 4 months) at the time of initial QOL assessment. Cohorts 2–4 were receiving maintenance dosing at the time of their final survey ( ="fig" "children-08-00604-g001">Figure 1 ). Pairwise differences between initial and final scores were analyzed within each cohort.). Pai think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00059956.jpg caption=While the PRISMA chart in "gr1" ="fig">Fig. 1 outlines the systematic review, outlines the systematic review, Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of 21 eligible articles. Seven out of 21 articles (33 %, 95%CI(17 %, 55 %)) provide access to free-of-charge, open-source software that is directly applicable. The remaining 14 articles (67 %, 95%CI(45 %, 83 %)) refer to software that is not directly applicable for one of the following reasons: either an obsolete link to the software is provided 36 % (5/14, 95%CI(16 %, 62 %)), or an interested reader must submit a request to the authors to get access to the software 29 % (4/14, 95%CI(11 %, 55 %)), or a closed-source software is used 36 % (5/14, 95%CI(16 %, 62 %)).Fig. 1PRISMA flow-chart of the systematic review clarifying the availability of free-of-charge open-source software for recruitment prediction and monitoring of CTs.Fig. 1 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: While the PRISMA chart in "gr1" ="fig">Fig. 1 outlines the systematic review, outlines the systematic review, Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of 21 eligible articles. Seven out of 21 articles (33 %, 95%CI(17 %, 55 %)) provide access to free-of-charge, open-source software that is directly applicable. The remaining 14 articles (67 %, 95%CI(45 %, 83 %)) refer to software that is not directly applicable for one of the following reasons: either an obsolete link to the software is provided 36 % (5/14, 95%CI(16 %, 62 %)), or an interested reader must submit a request to the authors to get access to the software 29 % (4/14, 95%CI(11 %, 55 %)), or a closed-source software is used 36 % (5/14, 95%CI(16 %, 62 %)).Fig. 1PRISMA flow-chart of the systematic review clarifying the availability of free-of-charge open-source software for recruitment prediction and monitoring of CTs.Fig. 1 A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00552368.jpg caption=Next, molecular functions, cellular components and biological processes of the corresponding precursor proteins were determined by GO analysis to predict the latent functions of the differentially expressed peptides. Binding and catalytic activity were the most highly enriched molecular functions (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a). Cell part, organelle part, and intrinsic component of membrane were the most highly enriched cellular components (Fig. a). Cell part, organelle part, and intrinsic component of membrane were the most highly enriched cellular components (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 b). Cellular process, biological regulation, and cellular component organization were the most highly enriched biological processes (Fig. b). Cellular process, biological regulation, and cellular component organization were the most highly enriched biological processes (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 c). Furthermore, we categorized the subcellular locations of th source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Next, molecular functions, cellular components and biological processes of the corresponding precursor proteins were determined by GO analysis to predict the latent functions of the differentially expressed peptides. Binding and catalytic activity were the most highly enriched molecular functions (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 a). Cell part, organelle part, and intrinsic component of membrane were the most highly enriched cellular components (Fig. a). Cell part, organelle part, and intrinsic component of membrane were the most highly enriched cellular components (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 b). Cellular process, biological regulation, and cellular component organization were the most highly enriched biological processes (Fig. b). Cellular process, biological regulation, and cellular component organization were the most highly enriched biological processes (Fig. "13287_2020_1931_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 c). Furthermore, we categorized the subcellular locations of think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00002278.jpg caption=To determine the relative sensitivity of PMCA, we retitrated a reference sample (10% cerebral cortex homogenate from a vCJD-affected patient) that had previously undergone endpoint titration (IC inoculation route; Table 1) in bovine PrP–expressing mice (tgBov). Amplification of a 10-fold serial dilution of this sample (6 individual replicates/dilution point) demonstrated that 4 PMCA rounds (24 hours/round, i.e., 96 h) were sufficient to reach the maximum sensitivity level of the assay. Additional PMCA rounds did not improve the analytical sensitivity of the assay or the number of positive replicates (Table 2; "16-1734-F1" ="fig">Figure 1 ). On the basis of these results, we estimated by using the Spearman method that the seeding activity of the isolate was 10). On the basis of these results, we estimated by using the Spearman method that the seeding activity of the isolate was 1011 50% seeding activity/per g. Bioassay endpoint titration data for the same sample in tgBov mice showed an source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To determine the relative sensitivity of PMCA, we retitrated a reference sample (10% cerebral cortex homogenate from a vCJD-affected patient) that had previously undergone endpoint titration (IC inoculation route; Table 1) in bovine PrP–expressing mice (tgBov). Amplification of a 10-fold serial dilution of this sample (6 individual replicates/dilution point) demonstrated that 4 PMCA rounds (24 hours/round, i.e., 96 h) were sufficient to reach the maximum sensitivity level of the assay. Additional PMCA rounds did not improve the analytical sensitivity of the assay or the number of positive replicates (Table 2; "16-1734-F1" ="fig">Figure 1 ). On the basis of these results, we estimated by using the Spearman method that the seeding activity of the isolate was 10). On the basis of these results, we estimated by using the Spearman method that the seeding activity of the isolate was 1011 50% seeding activity/per g. Bioassay endpoint titration data for the same sample in tgBov mice showed think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00005502.jpg caption=Autophagy is a complex process that can be triggered or repressed by multiple signaling pathways. Among these, a key negative regulator of autophagy is represented by mTOR, a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates gene transcription and protein synthesis according to the cell’s nutritional status [28]. Therefore, western blot experiments were conducted to assess whether mTOR inhibition was involved in the induction of autophagy mediated by NCTD in HCC cells. As shown in Figure ="fig" "oncotarget-08-114945-g004">4A , exposure to NCTD strikingly attenuated the phosphorylation of mTOR in both 97H and HepG2 cells., exposure to NCTD strikingly attenuated the phosphorylation of mTOR in both 97H and HepG2 cells. We then verified whether direct inhibition of mTOR signaling could facilitate the activation of autophagy in HCC cells by using the prototypic mTOR inhibitor rapamycin [29]. As shown in Figure ="fig" "oncotarget-08-114945-g004">4B , no change in total mTOR was observed in rapa source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Autophagy is a complex process that can be triggered or repressed by multiple signaling pathways. Among these, a key negative regulator of autophagy is represented by mTOR, a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates gene transcription and protein synthesis according to the cell’s nutritional status [28]. Therefore, western blot experiments were conducted to assess whether mTOR inhibition was involved in the induction of autophagy mediated by NCTD in HCC cells. As shown in Figure ="fig" "oncotarget-08-114945-g004">4A , exposure to NCTD strikingly attenuated the phosphorylation of mTOR in both 97H and HepG2 cells., exposure to NCTD strikingly attenuated the phosphorylation of mTOR in both 97H and HepG2 cells. We then verified whether direct inhibition of mTOR signaling could facilitate the activation of autophagy in HCC cells by using the prototypic mTOR inhibitor rapamycin [29]. As shown in Figure ="fig" "oncotarget-08-114945-g004">4B , no change in total mTOR was observed in r think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00029407.jpg caption=In this section, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the effectiveness of the loss functions and modules in the method of this paper through ablation studies. The results are shown in Table 3 and "entropy-25-00985-g009a" ="fig">Figure 9 .. The salient loss guides the tributary network to retain the high contrast of the infrared targets, aiming to compensate for the salient target features towards the feature mainstream. As shown in "entropy-25-00985-g009a" ="fig">Figure 9 d, the contrast of the targets marked in the red boxes significantly decreases after removing the salient loss, and the SD values (evaluated contrast) in d, the contrast of the targets marked in the red boxes significantly decreases after removing the salient loss, and the SD values (evaluated contrast) in Table 3 decrease, indicating that there is no salient loss, and the network’s infrared targets are weakened. Content loss uses intensity loss and gradient loss jointly to constrain the network to maintain th source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In this section, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the effectiveness of the loss functions and modules in the method of this paper through ablation studies. The results are shown in Table 3 and "entropy-25-00985-g009a" ="fig">Figure 9 .. The salient loss guides the tributary network to retain the high contrast of the infrared targets, aiming to compensate for the salient target features towards the feature mainstream. As shown in "entropy-25-00985-g009a" ="fig">Figure 9 d, the contrast of the targets marked in the red boxes significantly decreases after removing the salient loss, and the SD values (evaluated contrast) in d, the contrast of the targets marked in the red boxes significantly decreases after removing the salient loss, and the SD values (evaluated contrast) in Table 3 decrease, indicating that there is no salient loss, and the network’s infrared targets are weakened. Content loss uses intensity loss and gradient loss jointly to constrain the network to maintain think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00557169.jpg caption=EdU-based replication assay on 2d-old monocot and dicot plant cultures. EdU (10 μM, 2 h) incorporated cells were detected with click reaction using Alexa Fluor 488 azide (green panel). DNA is counterstained with DAPI (red). Transmission images (DIC) were overlaid onto fluorescence images at the last panel. (A) Alfalfa (M. sativa ssp. varia A2), (B) Arabidopsis (A. thaliana ecotype Columbia), (C) Grape (V. berlandieri × V. rupestris cv. 'Richter 110'), (D) Maize (Z. mays, cv. H1233), (E) Rice (O. sativa ssp. japonica cv. 'Unggi 9'), (F) Tobacco (N. tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR1). Arrows in green panel indicate spotty labeled early S-phase cells. Arrowheads in red panel show cells in mitosis. Scalebar: 10 μm. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: EdU-based replication assay on 2d-old monocot and dicot plant cultures. EdU (10 μM, 2 h) incorporated cells were detected with click reaction using Alexa Fluor 488 azide (green panel). DNA is counterstained with DAPI (red). Transmission images (DIC) were overlaid onto fluorescence images at the last panel. (A) Alfalfa (M. sativa ssp. varia A2), (B) Arabidopsis (A. thaliana ecotype Columbia), (C) Grape (V. berlandieri × V. rupestris cv. 'Richter 110'), (D) Maize (Z. mays, cv. H1233), (E) Rice (O. sativa ssp. japonica cv. 'Unggi 9'), (F) Tobacco (N. tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR1). Arrows in green panel indicate spotty labeled early S-phase cells. Arrowheads in red panel show cells in mitosis. Scalebar: 10 μm. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00076580.jpg caption=An important downstream target of AKT is mTORC1, which mediates its effects on growth and survival (Zoncu et al., 2011). To test whether mTORC1 activity plays a role in morphogenesis of the neural plate, we injected pregnant females with the mTor inhibitor rapamycin. Western blot analysis of treated embryos showed that the rapamycin treatment blocked phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, as expected ( ="fig" "elife-12034-fig5-figsupp1">Figure 5—figure supplement 1A ). Despite its clear biochemical activity, rapamycin did not rescue the cell shape, pseudostratification or tubulin acetylation in the ). Despite its clear biochemical activity, rapamycin did not rescue the cell shape, pseudostratification or tubulin acetylation in the Pten △Epi neural plate ( ="fig" "elife-12034-fig5-figsupp1">Figure 5—figure supplement 1B ). Thus neither AKT nor mTORC1 mediated the effect of PDPK1 on neural morphogenesis.). Thus neither AKT nor mTORC1 mediated the effect of PDPK1 on neural morphogenesis source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: An important downstream target of AKT is mTORC1, which mediates its effects on growth and survival (Zoncu et al., 2011). To test whether mTORC1 activity plays a role in morphogenesis of the neural plate, we injected pregnant females with the mTor inhibitor rapamycin. Western blot analysis of treated embryos showed that the rapamycin treatment blocked phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, as expected ( ="fig" "elife-12034-fig5-figsupp1">Figure 5—figure supplement 1A ). Despite its clear biochemical activity, rapamycin did not rescue the cell shape, pseudostratification or tubulin acetylation in the ). Despite its clear biochemical activity, rapamycin did not rescue the cell shape, pseudostratification or tubulin acetylation in the Pten △Epi neural plate ( ="fig" "elife-12034-fig5-figsupp1">Figure 5—figure supplement 1B ). Thus neither AKT nor mTORC1 mediated the effect of PDPK1 on neural morphogenesis.). Thus neither AKT nor mTORC1 mediated the effect of PDPK1 on neural morphogene think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00093791.jpg caption=The functional importance of ORF57 residues within REF-binding site were also measured via an ex vivo assay for cytoplasmic accumulation of an HVS ORF47 reporter mRNA ( ="fig" "ppat.1001244.g008">Fig. 8 ), using wild type and mutant ORF57 proteins, as previously described ), using wild type and mutant ORF57 proteins, as previously described [36], [40]. As such, the cytoplasmic accumulation detected in this assay reflects the ability of ORF57 to form an export competent ribonucleoprotein particle. Human 293T cells were transfected with pORF47 (a plasmid expressing the late intronless ORF47 mRNA) in the presence of wild type or mutant ORF57 proteins. After 24 hours RNA was extracted from cytoplasmic fractions and levels assessed by qRT-PCR. The mutation of residues directly implicated in the REF/Aly interaction, namely W108A, R111A+V112A and R119A+R120A, and also W108A+R111A+V112A, all substantially reduced the efficiency of the mRNA cytoplasmic accumulation. In addition, mutations of re source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The functional importance of ORF57 residues within REF-binding site were also measured via an ex vivo assay for cytoplasmic accumulation of an HVS ORF47 reporter mRNA ( ="fig" "ppat.1001244.g008">Fig. 8 ), using wild type and mutant ORF57 proteins, as previously described ), using wild type and mutant ORF57 proteins, as previously described [36], [40]. As such, the cytoplasmic accumulation detected in this assay reflects the ability of ORF57 to form an export competent ribonucleoprotein particle. Human 293T cells were transfected with pORF47 (a plasmid expressing the late intronless ORF47 mRNA) in the presence of wild type or mutant ORF57 proteins. After 24 hours RNA was extracted from cytoplasmic fractions and levels assessed by qRT-PCR. The mutation of residues directly implicated in the REF/Aly interaction, namely W108A, R111A+V112A and R119A+R120A, and also W108A+R111A+V112A, all substantially reduced the efficiency of the mRNA cytoplasmic accumulation. In addition, mutations of think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00630501.jpg caption=In addition to functioning as epidermal IC determinants, it is not clear whether the unusually high level of exogenous foxi3a or foxi3b is related to the precocious differentiation of epidermal IC progenitors. Therefore, we addressed this event by performing fluorescent double in situ hybridization with atp1b1b and ca2a probes in either foxi3a mRNA- or foxi3b mRNA-injected embryos at the 5-s and 24-hpf stages. In a normal condition, NaRCs and HRCs did not differentiate until the 14- and 18-s stages, respectively. However, when foxi3a mRNA was misexpressed, we found that the elevated expression level of foxi3a was sufficient to promote precocious differentiation of both NaRCs (73%, n = 171) and HRCs (4%, n = 171) not only within the epidermal IC domain but also in the ectopic sites of the cephalic epidermis at the 5-s stage ( ="fig" "pone.0000302.g007">Figure 7B ). Only NaRCs differentiated precociously in ). Only NaRCs differentiated precociously in foxi3b mRNA-misexpressed embryos at source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In addition to functioning as epidermal IC determinants, it is not clear whether the unusually high level of exogenous foxi3a or foxi3b is related to the precocious differentiation of epidermal IC progenitors. Therefore, we addressed this event by performing fluorescent double in situ hybridization with atp1b1b and ca2a probes in either foxi3a mRNA- or foxi3b mRNA-injected embryos at the 5-s and 24-hpf stages. In a normal condition, NaRCs and HRCs did not differentiate until the 14- and 18-s stages, respectively. However, when foxi3a mRNA was misexpressed, we found that the elevated expression level of foxi3a was sufficient to promote precocious differentiation of both NaRCs (73%, n = 171) and HRCs (4%, n = 171) not only within the epidermal IC domain but also in the ectopic sites of the cephalic epidermis at the 5-s stage ( ="fig" "pone.0000302.g007">Figure 7B ). Only NaRCs differentiated precociously in ). Only NaRCs differentiated precociously in foxi3b mRNA-misexpressed embryos think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00576156.jpg caption=MnhnL OPH040 (Fig. "41598_2018_27326_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a,c ) is a dissociated proximal lateral arm plate on a slab exposing the outer surface, approximately two times higher than long, with convex dorsal edge, wavy proximal edge and convex distal edge; ventral portion not protruding ventro-distalwards; poorly defined, small, horizontally elongate spur in the centre of the ventralmost third of the proximal edge; outer surface stereom with knobs slightly larger than surrounding pores and vertically elongate to form a faint, irregular striation especially in the central part of the outer surface; distal portion of lateral arm plate strongly elevated, dorsally fading into non-elevated dorsal portion of lateral arm plate, and proximally bordered by poorly defined, thin, wavy ridge; four large spine articulations freestanding on elevated distal portion of lateral arm plate; spine articulations with very large muscle opening encompassed by thin ventral and dorsal lobes proximally merged to f source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: MnhnL OPH040 (Fig. "41598_2018_27326_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3a,c ) is a dissociated proximal lateral arm plate on a slab exposing the outer surface, approximately two times higher than long, with convex dorsal edge, wavy proximal edge and convex distal edge; ventral portion not protruding ventro-distalwards; poorly defined, small, horizontally elongate spur in the centre of the ventralmost third of the proximal edge; outer surface stereom with knobs slightly larger than surrounding pores and vertically elongate to form a faint, irregular striation especially in the central part of the outer surface; distal portion of lateral arm plate strongly elevated, dorsally fading into non-elevated dorsal portion of lateral arm plate, and proximally bordered by poorly defined, thin, wavy ridge; four large spine articulations freestanding on elevated distal portion of lateral arm plate; spine articulations with very large muscle opening encompassed by thin ventral and dorsal lobes proximally merged t think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00540623.jpg caption=Deqing County has 1,060 qualified doctors, 938 registered or charted nurses and 1,796 beds in total by the end of 2013 [25]. Currently, it encompasses 3 county hospitals, 19 town or township hospitals and 135 village clinics (Table 1 and Fig. "12939_2015_195_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 ). There is a parallel classification of hospitals: from Class 1 (the highest) to Class 3 (the lowest), based on the resources owned by and the professional skills of doctors and nurses in the hospital (Table ). There is a parallel classification of hospitals: from Class 1 (the highest) to Class 3 (the lowest), based on the resources owned by and the professional skills of doctors and nurses in the hospital (Table 1). The three county hospitals in Class 2 include people’s hospital, Chinese medical hospital and the third people’s hospital. The people’s hospital and Chinese medical hospital are located at Wukang Town, which is the capital of Deqing County. The third people’s hospital is situated in Xinshi Town in source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Deqing County has 1,060 qualified doctors, 938 registered or charted nurses and 1,796 beds in total by the end of 2013 [25]. Currently, it encompasses 3 county hospitals, 19 town or township hospitals and 135 village clinics (Table 1 and Fig. "12939_2015_195_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 ). There is a parallel classification of hospitals: from Class 1 (the highest) to Class 3 (the lowest), based on the resources owned by and the professional skills of doctors and nurses in the hospital (Table ). There is a parallel classification of hospitals: from Class 1 (the highest) to Class 3 (the lowest), based on the resources owned by and the professional skills of doctors and nurses in the hospital (Table 1). The three county hospitals in Class 2 include people’s hospital, Chinese medical hospital and the third people’s hospital. The people’s hospital and Chinese medical hospital are located at Wukang Town, which is the capital of Deqing County. The third people’s hospital is situated in Xinshi Town think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00074637.jpg caption=Given the results of our proteomic analysis we asked whether dynein-mediated lysosomal transport is perturbed in R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre animals. To assess this, we cultured primary cortical neurons from R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre mutants and littermate controls aged E18.5 and performed live cell imaging using Lysotracker to label lysosomes (S1 and S2 Videos) [32]. We generated kymographs and classified each lysosome according to its movement ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7A and and S7 Fig). The proportion of anterograde, retrograde, bidirectional and non-moving lysosomes was similar in mutants and controls ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7B ) (n = 500 lysosomes for ) (n = 500 lysosomes for R402H/R402H and n = 532 lysosomes for R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre Chi-square: 3.078, DF = 3, P = 0.3797). We focused on the lysosomes moving in the retrograde direction, quantitating the speed, run length and total distance ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7C–7F ). We found no significant difference in the a source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Given the results of our proteomic analysis we asked whether dynein-mediated lysosomal transport is perturbed in R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre animals. To assess this, we cultured primary cortical neurons from R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre mutants and littermate controls aged E18.5 and performed live cell imaging using Lysotracker to label lysosomes (S1 and S2 Videos) [32]. We generated kymographs and classified each lysosome according to its movement ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7A and and S7 Fig). The proportion of anterograde, retrograde, bidirectional and non-moving lysosomes was similar in mutants and controls ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7B ) (n = 500 lysosomes for ) (n = 500 lysosomes for R402H/R402H and n = 532 lysosomes for R402H/R402H; Emx1-cre Chi-square: 3.078, DF = 3, P = 0.3797). We focused on the lysosomes moving in the retrograde direction, quantitating the speed, run length and total distance ( ="fig" "pgen.1009104.g007">Fig 7C–7F ). We found no significant difference in th think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00427974.jpg caption=The plotted quantities ( "gr3" ="fig">Figs. 3 , and , and "gr4" ="fig">4 ) are the 30-day moving average of the original CF data calculated with the function ) are the 30-day moving average of the original CF data calculated with the function DataFrame.rolling of the Pandas package. The correlation coefficients between the time series of CFADTerra and CFADAqua, and between CFANTerra and CFANAqua are 0.90 and 0.77 respectively (using the pre-defined function np.corrcoef of the NumPy module of Python). The data analysis of "gr3" ="fig">Fig. 3 highlights the daily seasonal phenomena of cloud formation. During the day in spring, summer, and autumn there is a prevalence of cloud formation between 10:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., while in winter a clearing of the sky. From the figure a seasonal trend can also be recognized as the daily cloud coverage evolution process occurs in the spring and summer seasons, while the clearing process occurs in winter (blue peaks in highlights the daily seasonal ph source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The plotted quantities ( "gr3" ="fig">Figs. 3 , and , and "gr4" ="fig">4 ) are the 30-day moving average of the original CF data calculated with the function ) are the 30-day moving average of the original CF data calculated with the function DataFrame.rolling of the Pandas package. The correlation coefficients between the time series of CFADTerra and CFADAqua, and between CFANTerra and CFANAqua are 0.90 and 0.77 respectively (using the pre-defined function np.corrcoef of the NumPy module of Python). The data analysis of "gr3" ="fig">Fig. 3 highlights the daily seasonal phenomena of cloud formation. During the day in spring, summer, and autumn there is a prevalence of cloud formation between 10:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., while in winter a clearing of the sky. From the figure a seasonal trend can also be recognized as the daily cloud coverage evolution process occurs in the spring and summer seasons, while the clearing process occurs in winter (blue peaks in highlights the daily seasonal think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00730945.jpg caption=Summary statistics for 4-h postprandial %FMD, fasting TG level and 4-h postprandial TG level by treatment group are shown in Table 3. There was no significant increase in mean 4-h postprandial %FMD from baseline to week 8 (Fig. "12325_2020_1286_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 i). Mean change (i.e., the degree of decrease) of 4-h postprandial %FMD from fasting %FMD in each group is shown in Supplementary Fig. S3. At baseline, the observed value of 4-h postprandial %FMD minus fasting %FMD was − 1.4 ± 3.52% in the 2-g group and − 1.6 ± 3.52% in the 4-g group. However, 4-h postprandial %FMD minus fasting %FMD at week 8 showed a slight increase in both groups (0.4 ± 2.16% and 0.8 ± 2.82% in the 2-g and 4-g groups, respectively). Over the 8-week study period from baseline, both mean fasting TG level and mean 4-h postprandial TG level significantly decreased in the 4-g group only (both i). Mean change (i.e., the degree of decrease) of 4-h postprandial %FMD from fasting %FMD in each group is shown in Supp source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Summary statistics for 4-h postprandial %FMD, fasting TG level and 4-h postprandial TG level by treatment group are shown in Table 3. There was no significant increase in mean 4-h postprandial %FMD from baseline to week 8 (Fig. "12325_2020_1286_Fig2_HTML" ="fig">2 i). Mean change (i.e., the degree of decrease) of 4-h postprandial %FMD from fasting %FMD in each group is shown in Supplementary Fig. S3. At baseline, the observed value of 4-h postprandial %FMD minus fasting %FMD was − 1.4 ± 3.52% in the 2-g group and − 1.6 ± 3.52% in the 4-g group. However, 4-h postprandial %FMD minus fasting %FMD at week 8 showed a slight increase in both groups (0.4 ± 2.16% and 0.8 ± 2.82% in the 2-g and 4-g groups, respectively). Over the 8-week study period from baseline, both mean fasting TG level and mean 4-h postprandial TG level significantly decreased in the 4-g group only (both i). Mean change (i.e., the degree of decrease) of 4-h postprandial %FMD from fasting %FMD in each group is shown in S think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00327926.jpg caption=Baseline comparison of balance coefficients for various nutrients in two groups (n = 88). Note: (a) represents the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of grains and tubers between two post-test groups; (b) signifies the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of meat and poultry between two post-test groups; (c) denotes the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of animal blood or liver between two post-test groups; (d) indicates the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of seafood between two post-test groups; (e) stands for the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of eggs between two post-test groups; (f) illustrates the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of soy and soy products between two post-test groups; (g) showcases the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of vegetables betw source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Baseline comparison of balance coefficients for various nutrients in two groups (n = 88). Note: (a) represents the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of grains and tubers between two post-test groups; (b) signifies the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of meat and poultry between two post-test groups; (c) denotes the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of animal blood or liver between two post-test groups; (d) indicates the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of seafood between two post-test groups; (e) stands for the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of eggs between two post-test groups; (f) illustrates the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of soy and soy products between two post-test groups; (g) showcases the comparison of frequency distributions in the dietary balance index of vegetables b think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00367550.jpg caption=Together4RD conducted research in 2022 into possible frameworks to structure ERN collaborations with Industry. As noted elsewhere in this Position Statement, stakeholder views differ with regards to the desirability of ERNs becoming legal entities. It may be that in future, each ERN will become a legal entity (LE) of its own, although at present this is highly unlikely. Or perhaps, a neutral third party will be appointed (this could be a foundation, for instance) to oversee the contracting activities between individual ERNs or groups of ERNs, on the one hand, and single companies or groups of companies on the other. The fact is that neither solution will appear overnight, however; therefore, if pilots are to be launched sooner rather than later, it will be necessary to work within the possible frameworks available to the European rare disease community at present. The key point in both of the above is that ERNs are not legal entities, but the centres (HCP or ‘affiliated’ partners) of w source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Together4RD conducted research in 2022 into possible frameworks to structure ERN collaborations with Industry. As noted elsewhere in this Position Statement, stakeholder views differ with regards to the desirability of ERNs becoming legal entities. It may be that in future, each ERN will become a legal entity (LE) of its own, although at present this is highly unlikely. Or perhaps, a neutral third party will be appointed (this could be a foundation, for instance) to oversee the contracting activities between individual ERNs or groups of ERNs, on the one hand, and single companies or groups of companies on the other. The fact is that neither solution will appear overnight, however; therefore, if pilots are to be launched sooner rather than later, it will be necessary to work within the possible frameworks available to the European rare disease community at present. The key point in both of the above is that ERNs are not legal entities, but the centres (HCP or ‘affiliated’ partners) o think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00178330.jpg caption=At the lowest dosage, suppression of growth of the total bacterial population was observed (Table 1; ="fig" "zac0111323300006">Fig. 6 ). However, there was progressive growth of the resistant subpopulation. By 120 h, all bacterial isolates were resistant to piperacillin. Following the administration of 9 g and 17 g of piperacillin, there were reductions in total CFU of ∼3.6 and ∼1.4 log). However, there was progressive growth of the resistant subpopulation. By 120 h, all bacterial isolates were resistant to piperacillin. Following the administration of 9 g and 17 g of piperacillin, there were reductions in total CFU of ∼3.6 and ∼1.4 log10 CFU/ml for the bolus regimen and ∼3.4 and ∼1.1 log10CFU/ml for the extended infusion, respectively. No resistance emerged at the highest two dosages of piperacillin. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: At the lowest dosage, suppression of growth of the total bacterial population was observed (Table 1; ="fig" "zac0111323300006">Fig. 6 ). However, there was progressive growth of the resistant subpopulation. By 120 h, all bacterial isolates were resistant to piperacillin. Following the administration of 9 g and 17 g of piperacillin, there were reductions in total CFU of ∼3.6 and ∼1.4 log). However, there was progressive growth of the resistant subpopulation. By 120 h, all bacterial isolates were resistant to piperacillin. Following the administration of 9 g and 17 g of piperacillin, there were reductions in total CFU of ∼3.6 and ∼1.4 log10 CFU/ml for the bolus regimen and ∼3.4 and ∼1.1 log10CFU/ml for the extended infusion, respectively. No resistance emerged at the highest two dosages of piperacillin. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00557518.jpg caption=Given that other vps45 mutants have endocytic defects (Tanaka et al., 2013), we assessed whether endocytosis and recycling are affected in the vps45-3 plants. This could explain the cell expansion phenotype owing to slower trafficking at the TGN during cell expansion (Gendre et al., 2015), particularly during root hair growth. We stained root cells with a FM4-64, a lipophilic styryl dye that is used as an endocytic tracer (Dettmer et al., 2006). The uptake of the FM4-64 was similar in both vps45-3 and WT cells ( "fpls-14-1120307-g005" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 5A</bold> ), suggesting no major effect of the Figure 5A ), suggesting no major effect of the vps45-3 mutation on internalization from the plasma membrane. We also tested whether membrane arrival at the TGN was affected in the mutants. We stimulated formation of TGN-endosomal aggregates by treating roots of 4-day old seedlings with Brefeldin A (BFA), a vesicle trafficking inhibitor, followed by incubation with FM4-64 and imaging with source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Given that other vps45 mutants have endocytic defects (Tanaka et al., 2013), we assessed whether endocytosis and recycling are affected in the vps45-3 plants. This could explain the cell expansion phenotype owing to slower trafficking at the TGN during cell expansion (Gendre et al., 2015), particularly during root hair growth. We stained root cells with a FM4-64, a lipophilic styryl dye that is used as an endocytic tracer (Dettmer et al., 2006). The uptake of the FM4-64 was similar in both vps45-3 and WT cells ( "fpls-14-1120307-g005" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 5A</bold> ), suggesting no major effect of the Figure 5A ), suggesting no major effect of the vps45-3 mutation on internalization from the plasma membrane. We also tested whether membrane arrival at the TGN was affected in the mutants. We stimulated formation of TGN-endosomal aggregates by treating roots of 4-day old seedlings with Brefeldin A (BFA), a vesicle trafficking inhibitor, followed by incubation with FM4-64 and imaging wi think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00512361.jpg caption=A total of 8,642 publications were extracted, WoSCC (2,665 publications), Scopus (3,089 publications), PubMed (2,888 publications). After data preprocessing, 3,219 publications were retrieved for final analysis ( "pone.0259240.g001" ="fig">Fig 1 ). To visualize the growth trend of LKB1 research, we generated a line chart according to the annual number of publications. As shown in ). To visualize the growth trend of LKB1 research, we generated a line chart according to the annual number of publications. As shown in "pone.0259240.g002" ="fig">Fig 2 , the number of publications increased gradually, with a peak in 2020. From 2016 to 2021, the number of publications accounted for 49.46% of the total., the number of publications increased gradually, with a peak in 2020. From 2016 to 2021, the number of publications accounted for 49.46% of the total. In the past 22 years, the number of LKB1 publications has increased gradually by year. In recent years (from 2016 to 2021), the number of public source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A total of 8,642 publications were extracted, WoSCC (2,665 publications), Scopus (3,089 publications), PubMed (2,888 publications). After data preprocessing, 3,219 publications were retrieved for final analysis ( "pone.0259240.g001" ="fig">Fig 1 ). To visualize the growth trend of LKB1 research, we generated a line chart according to the annual number of publications. As shown in ). To visualize the growth trend of LKB1 research, we generated a line chart according to the annual number of publications. As shown in "pone.0259240.g002" ="fig">Fig 2 , the number of publications increased gradually, with a peak in 2020. From 2016 to 2021, the number of publications accounted for 49.46% of the total., the number of publications increased gradually, with a peak in 2020. From 2016 to 2021, the number of publications accounted for 49.46% of the total. In the past 22 years, the number of LKB1 publications has increased gradually by year. In recent years (from 2016 to 2021), the number of pub think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00630183.jpg caption=CT-based 3D mapping of the topographic distribution of the cortical bone (Text S7 in File S1) rendered using a chromatic scale reveals important differences with one of the Krapina humeri available on NESPOS ( ="fig" "pone.0104111.g007">Figure 7 ). A portion of these differences can be tied to taphonomic alterations as well as the poorly understood inter-individual variability within the Neandertal lineage. Moreover, the entheseal change is clearly visible in the topographic distribution of cortical bone as a zone of increased thickness.). A portion of these differences can be tied to taphonomic alterations as well as the poorly understood inter-individual variability within the Neandertal lineage. Moreover, the entheseal change is clearly visible in the topographic distribution of cortical bone as a zone of increased thickness. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: CT-based 3D mapping of the topographic distribution of the cortical bone (Text S7 in File S1) rendered using a chromatic scale reveals important differences with one of the Krapina humeri available on NESPOS ( ="fig" "pone.0104111.g007">Figure 7 ). A portion of these differences can be tied to taphonomic alterations as well as the poorly understood inter-individual variability within the Neandertal lineage. Moreover, the entheseal change is clearly visible in the topographic distribution of cortical bone as a zone of increased thickness.). A portion of these differences can be tied to taphonomic alterations as well as the poorly understood inter-individual variability within the Neandertal lineage. Moreover, the entheseal change is clearly visible in the topographic distribution of cortical bone as a zone of increased thickness. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00133221.jpg caption=In accordance with reduced CDK activity as a consequence of DNA damage-induced checkpoint activation, S/T-P motifs are largely dephosphorylated in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) (Bennetzen et al., 2010; Beli et al., 2012). However, in apparent contrast to this, CDK activity is strictly required for accurate processing and repair of DSBs in S/G2 phase, indicating that at least some DDR factors are primed by CDK phosphorylation prior to checkpoint activation (Enserink and Kolodner, 2010; Chapman et al., 2012). DSBs are highly deleterious lesions with the potential to cause cell death or genomic instability leading to cancer. DSBs can arise spontaneously as a result of replication fork collapse or can be induced by exogenous DNA-damaging agents including ionizing radiation and certain anti-cancer drugs (Jackson and Bartek, 2009). In order to repair DSBs, all organisms rely on two major pathways: non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). NHEJ functio source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In accordance with reduced CDK activity as a consequence of DNA damage-induced checkpoint activation, S/T-P motifs are largely dephosphorylated in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) (Bennetzen et al., 2010; Beli et al., 2012). However, in apparent contrast to this, CDK activity is strictly required for accurate processing and repair of DSBs in S/G2 phase, indicating that at least some DDR factors are primed by CDK phosphorylation prior to checkpoint activation (Enserink and Kolodner, 2010; Chapman et al., 2012). DSBs are highly deleterious lesions with the potential to cause cell death or genomic instability leading to cancer. DSBs can arise spontaneously as a result of replication fork collapse or can be induced by exogenous DNA-damaging agents including ionizing radiation and certain anti-cancer drugs (Jackson and Bartek, 2009). In order to repair DSBs, all organisms rely on two major pathways: non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). NHEJ func think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00674789.jpg caption=The lower dose of THCV resulted in a decrease in the IL-1β, P2X7, PANX1, TNFα, cPLA2, and ADAR-1 mRNA levels ( "molecules-28-06487-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 a). In contrast, the higher dose of THCV upregulated the transcription of these genes. Interestingly, THCV exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the a). In contrast, the higher dose of THCV upregulated the transcription of these genes. Interestingly, THCV exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the IL-6 and COX-2 transcripts. The transcription of NLRP3 was reduced in response to both doses of THCV, although the lower dose appeared to be more effective in decreasing the NLRP3 mRNA levels. Both doses of CBC demonstrated mitigative effects on the transcription of all genes examined in this study including cytokines and COX-2 ( "molecules-28-06487-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 b). The lower and higher doses of CBC exhibited similar downregulatory effects on the transcription of all of the tested genes.b). The lower and higher doses of CBC exhibite source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The lower dose of THCV resulted in a decrease in the IL-1β, P2X7, PANX1, TNFα, cPLA2, and ADAR-1 mRNA levels ( "molecules-28-06487-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 a). In contrast, the higher dose of THCV upregulated the transcription of these genes. Interestingly, THCV exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the a). In contrast, the higher dose of THCV upregulated the transcription of these genes. Interestingly, THCV exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the IL-6 and COX-2 transcripts. The transcription of NLRP3 was reduced in response to both doses of THCV, although the lower dose appeared to be more effective in decreasing the NLRP3 mRNA levels. Both doses of CBC demonstrated mitigative effects on the transcription of all genes examined in this study including cytokines and COX-2 ( "molecules-28-06487-g009" ="fig">Figure 9 b). The lower and higher doses of CBC exhibited similar downregulatory effects on the transcription of all of the tested genes.b). The lower and higher doses of CBC exhib think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00185441.jpg caption=Therefore, the experiment was repeated using a longer (i.e., 30 h) incubation time ( "ijms-14-24670f7" ="fig">Figure 7 ). The data obtained for polymers P10 and P151 showed little difference between the amount of thiol detected from polymers incubated with bacteria/phosphate buffer or buffer alone. Both polymers in both media exhibited an increase in thiol concentration over time. However, the thiol concentrations detected in polymers P10 and P151 were low compared to those detected in polymers P11 and P15, for which the highest values were 20.1 × 10). The data obtained for polymers P10 and P151 showed little difference between the amount of thiol detected from polymers incubated with bacteria/phosphate buffer or buffer alone. Both polymers in both media exhibited an increase in thiol concentration over time. However, the thiol concentrations detected in polymers P10 and P151 were low compared to those detected in polymers P11 and P15, for which the highest values were 20.1 × 10−6 and source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Therefore, the experiment was repeated using a longer (i.e., 30 h) incubation time ( "ijms-14-24670f7" ="fig">Figure 7 ). The data obtained for polymers P10 and P151 showed little difference between the amount of thiol detected from polymers incubated with bacteria/phosphate buffer or buffer alone. Both polymers in both media exhibited an increase in thiol concentration over time. However, the thiol concentrations detected in polymers P10 and P151 were low compared to those detected in polymers P11 and P15, for which the highest values were 20.1 × 10). The data obtained for polymers P10 and P151 showed little difference between the amount of thiol detected from polymers incubated with bacteria/phosphate buffer or buffer alone. Both polymers in both media exhibited an increase in thiol concentration over time. However, the thiol concentrations detected in polymers P10 and P151 were low compared to those detected in polymers P11 and P15, for which the highest values were 20.1 × 10−6 a think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00003088.jpg caption=Given that the relative contribution of each EcfG protein to the transcription seems to be promoter-specific, special attention was focused on the -10 element. This sequence, as it was mentioned before, is less conserved among the GSR promoters than the -35 element. Considering that the -10 box plays a key role in the transcription initiation, and thus in the levels of transcription, the flexibility within that sequence might have been affecting the final output. In order to address this, IVT assays were performed with two types of mutant promoters: (i) mutating the CGTT consensus sequence in the Pgsp promoter to CATT or TGTT, and (ii) mutating the CATT and TGTT -10 boxes in the PmltA2 and PyiaD promoters, respectively, to the consensus CGTT box. As shown in Fig. "41598_2020_62101_Fig7_HTML" ="fig">7A a single point mutation diverging from the consensus -10 sequence decreased the transcription levels with respect to the wild type a single point mutation diverging from the consensus -10 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Given that the relative contribution of each EcfG protein to the transcription seems to be promoter-specific, special attention was focused on the -10 element. This sequence, as it was mentioned before, is less conserved among the GSR promoters than the -35 element. Considering that the -10 box plays a key role in the transcription initiation, and thus in the levels of transcription, the flexibility within that sequence might have been affecting the final output. In order to address this, IVT assays were performed with two types of mutant promoters: (i) mutating the CGTT consensus sequence in the Pgsp promoter to CATT or TGTT, and (ii) mutating the CATT and TGTT -10 boxes in the PmltA2 and PyiaD promoters, respectively, to the consensus CGTT box. As shown in Fig. "41598_2020_62101_Fig7_HTML" ="fig">7A a single point mutation diverging from the consensus -10 sequence decreased the transcription levels with respect to the wild type a single point mutation diverging from the consensus think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00307431.jpg caption=The subnetwork enrichment analysis of DAC induced immune related transcripts in MDS cell lines identified TP53, FOXO1, TLR4, TLR8, S100A8, S100A9, CD14, and CXCL10 as highly interconnected genes, and are likely to be the potential hubs of the immunity functional network ( ="fig" "fgene-11-603956-g002">Figure 2 ). The FOXO1 signaling pathway containing genes AKT3, ATM, BCL2L11, BCL6, BNIP3, CAT, CCND2, CDK2, FBXO32, FOXO1, HOMER1, IL6, IL7R, KLF2, MAPK11, MAPK14, MAPK8, MAPK9, PCK1, PCK2, PIK3CD, PIK3CG, PIK3R1, PTEN, SMAD2, SMAD3, and TNFSF10 are biologically linked to numerous signal pathways, including cell apoptosis, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and immune system. In this study, we concentrated especially on the effect of FOXO1 on biological characteristics in MDS.). The FOXO1 signaling pathway containing genes AKT3, ATM, BCL2L11, BCL6, BNIP3, CAT, CCND2, CDK2, FBXO32, FOXO1, HOMER1, IL6, IL7R, KLF2, MAPK11, MAPK14, MAPK8, MAPK9, PCK1, PCK2, PIK3CD, PIK3CG, PIK3R1, PTEN, SMAD2, source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The subnetwork enrichment analysis of DAC induced immune related transcripts in MDS cell lines identified TP53, FOXO1, TLR4, TLR8, S100A8, S100A9, CD14, and CXCL10 as highly interconnected genes, and are likely to be the potential hubs of the immunity functional network ( ="fig" "fgene-11-603956-g002">Figure 2 ). The FOXO1 signaling pathway containing genes AKT3, ATM, BCL2L11, BCL6, BNIP3, CAT, CCND2, CDK2, FBXO32, FOXO1, HOMER1, IL6, IL7R, KLF2, MAPK11, MAPK14, MAPK8, MAPK9, PCK1, PCK2, PIK3CD, PIK3CG, PIK3R1, PTEN, SMAD2, SMAD3, and TNFSF10 are biologically linked to numerous signal pathways, including cell apoptosis, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and immune system. In this study, we concentrated especially on the effect of FOXO1 on biological characteristics in MDS.). The FOXO1 signaling pathway containing genes AKT3, ATM, BCL2L11, BCL6, BNIP3, CAT, CCND2, CDK2, FBXO32, FOXO1, HOMER1, IL6, IL7R, KLF2, MAPK11, MAPK14, MAPK8, MAPK9, PCK1, PCK2, PIK3CD, PIK3CG, PIK3R1, PTEN, SMA think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00634485.jpg caption=Normalized Acot13 expression in the extraembryonic membranes on day four of development of eggs treated with oil, corticosterone, or 5β-corticosterone. Treatment with corticosterone (n=12) significantly elevated Acot13 expression, but treatment with 5β-corticosterone (n=14) did not, meaning metabolism inactivates corticosterone and prevents the extraembryonic membranes from responding. Error bars represent the standard error. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Normalized Acot13 expression in the extraembryonic membranes on day four of development of eggs treated with oil, corticosterone, or 5β-corticosterone. Treatment with corticosterone (n=12) significantly elevated Acot13 expression, but treatment with 5β-corticosterone (n=14) did not, meaning metabolism inactivates corticosterone and prevents the extraembryonic membranes from responding. Error bars represent the standard error. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00582147.jpg caption=Fungal biomineralization of carbonates results in metal removal from solution or immobilization within a solid matrix providing a method for detoxification as well as recovery (Table 1). Biologically‐induced mineralization (BIM) involving urea hydrolysis by urease‐positive microorganisms, which leads to metal carbonate precipitation, has been found to be effective in immobilizing several potentially toxic metals, for example Cd, Ni, Pb, Sr, and the metalloid As (Achal, 2012; Achal et al., 2012; Li et al., 2014, 2015a,b; Zhu et al., 2016a). Urease‐positive fungi, such as N. crassa, have the ability to precipitate metal carbonates in the media and around the biomass when incubated in urea‐amended media while culture supernatants also provide a biomass‐free carbonate bioprecipitation system (Li et al., 2014, 2015a,b). In a novel application of calcium carbonate biomineralization, Li et al. (2014) demonstrated that supplied cadmium could be precipitated as pure otavite (CdCO3) by culture s source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Fungal biomineralization of carbonates results in metal removal from solution or immobilization within a solid matrix providing a method for detoxification as well as recovery (Table 1). Biologically‐induced mineralization (BIM) involving urea hydrolysis by urease‐positive microorganisms, which leads to metal carbonate precipitation, has been found to be effective in immobilizing several potentially toxic metals, for example Cd, Ni, Pb, Sr, and the metalloid As (Achal, 2012; Achal et al., 2012; Li et al., 2014, 2015a,b; Zhu et al., 2016a). Urease‐positive fungi, such as N. crassa, have the ability to precipitate metal carbonates in the media and around the biomass when incubated in urea‐amended media while culture supernatants also provide a biomass‐free carbonate bioprecipitation system (Li et al., 2014, 2015a,b). In a novel application of calcium carbonate biomineralization, Li et al. (2014) demonstrated that supplied cadmium could be precipitated as pure otavite (CdCO3) by cultur think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00547093.jpg caption=The three templates (wet tropical, temperate, and desert) in CLIMEX (which are in accordance with the distribution zones of R. ferrugineus), were chosen as references when R. ferrugineus was created as a new species in CLIMEX. The initial parameters were used to predict potential distribution and to compare predicted distribution with known distribution: the parameters were then debugged based on these comparisons. The parameters required for R. ferrugineus survival (Table 1) were defined when the result for the world climate predicted by CLIMEX ( "pone.0141111.g003" ="fig">Fig 3 ) was consistent with the actual distribution () was consistent with the actual distribution ( "pone.0141111.g004" ="fig">Fig 4 ). The debugging process is described below.). The debugging process is described below. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The three templates (wet tropical, temperate, and desert) in CLIMEX (which are in accordance with the distribution zones of R. ferrugineus), were chosen as references when R. ferrugineus was created as a new species in CLIMEX. The initial parameters were used to predict potential distribution and to compare predicted distribution with known distribution: the parameters were then debugged based on these comparisons. The parameters required for R. ferrugineus survival (Table 1) were defined when the result for the world climate predicted by CLIMEX ( "pone.0141111.g003" ="fig">Fig 3 ) was consistent with the actual distribution () was consistent with the actual distribution ( "pone.0141111.g004" ="fig">Fig 4 ). The debugging process is described below.). The debugging process is described below. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00689063.jpg caption=The discriminating ability of representations plays crucial roles in predictive performance. We used the Umap [38] to visualize the initial representations and the ones learned by the DeepHLAPred. As shown in Fig. "12864_2023_9796_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 , the DeepHLAPred remarkably improved the discriminating ability of representations., the DeepHLAPred remarkably improved the discriminating ability of representations. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The discriminating ability of representations plays crucial roles in predictive performance. We used the Umap [38] to visualize the initial representations and the ones learned by the DeepHLAPred. As shown in Fig. "12864_2023_9796_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 , the DeepHLAPred remarkably improved the discriminating ability of representations., the DeepHLAPred remarkably improved the discriminating ability of representations. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00218792.jpg caption=The peel of many citrus fruits has particularly good damping properties, so that they can survive a drop from a height of several meters without causing major damage that would facilitate the penetration of pathogens (Thielen et al., 2013a; Thielen et al., 2013b; Jentzsch et al., 2022b). To analyze their mechanical properties, Jentzsch et al. (2022a) carried out compression tests on the peel, consisting of mesocarp, endocarp “and” exocarp. To measure Poisson’s ratio, which describes the ratio of deformation of a sample under perpendicular force, of the peel of five different Citrus species, a manual marker tracking approach ( "fpls-14-1335445-g006" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 6A</bold> ) and a 2D-DIC approach (Figure 6A ) and a 2D-DIC approach ( "fpls-14-1335445-g006" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 6B</bold> ) were compared. No significant differences were found between the results of the two techniques, with Poisson’s ratios being around 0. However, it was noticeable that the DIC method showed a much source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The peel of many citrus fruits has particularly good damping properties, so that they can survive a drop from a height of several meters without causing major damage that would facilitate the penetration of pathogens (Thielen et al., 2013a; Thielen et al., 2013b; Jentzsch et al., 2022b). To analyze their mechanical properties, Jentzsch et al. (2022a) carried out compression tests on the peel, consisting of mesocarp, endocarp “and” exocarp. To measure Poisson’s ratio, which describes the ratio of deformation of a sample under perpendicular force, of the peel of five different Citrus species, a manual marker tracking approach ( "fpls-14-1335445-g006" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 6A</bold> ) and a 2D-DIC approach (Figure 6A ) and a 2D-DIC approach ( "fpls-14-1335445-g006" ="fig"> <bold>Figure 6B</bold> ) were compared. No significant differences were found between the results of the two techniques, with Poisson’s ratios being around 0. However, it was noticeable that the DIC method showed a mu think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00224188.jpg caption=="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 shows the tested AM fabricated NdFeB PPS bonded PMs designed for mechanical properties study. shows the tested AM fabricated NdFeB PPS bonded PMs designed for mechanical properties study. ="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 presents the corresponding variation of mechanical stress versus strain. The linear inclined segment up to 20 MPa tensile stress in PPS-bonded magnet along low elongation value represents its brittleness. Corresponding Young’s modulus was 21 GPa, as presented in presents the corresponding variation of mechanical stress versus strain. The linear inclined segment up to 20 MPa tensile stress in PPS-bonded magnet along low elongation value represents its brittleness. Corresponding Young’s modulus was 21 GPa, as presented in Table 2. Being brittle thermoplastic, the PPS-bonded magnet samples break in a brittle fracture fashion beyond the 20 MPa tensile stress, as seen in ="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 . . source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 shows the tested AM fabricated NdFeB PPS bonded PMs designed for mechanical properties study. shows the tested AM fabricated NdFeB PPS bonded PMs designed for mechanical properties study. ="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 presents the corresponding variation of mechanical stress versus strain. The linear inclined segment up to 20 MPa tensile stress in PPS-bonded magnet along low elongation value represents its brittleness. Corresponding Young’s modulus was 21 GPa, as presented in presents the corresponding variation of mechanical stress versus strain. The linear inclined segment up to 20 MPa tensile stress in PPS-bonded magnet along low elongation value represents its brittleness. Corresponding Young’s modulus was 21 GPa, as presented in Table 2. Being brittle thermoplastic, the PPS-bonded magnet samples break in a brittle fracture fashion beyond the 20 MPa tensile stress, as seen in ="fig" "materials-13-03319-g006">Figure 6 . . A: C think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD S82.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=S82.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00316653.jpg caption=Although the interaction of the RBD with ACE2 is essential for spike‐mediated viral entry, alternative membrane proteins, such as AXL and CD147, have also been identified as candidate receptors for spike.[ 29 , 31 ] To further investigate whether RBD binding to ACE2 is dispensable for spike‐mediated membrane fusion in the reconstituted fusion system, we used neutravidin (NTV), a deglycosylated native avidin composed of four identical biotin‐binding subunits, to crosslink the biotin‐containing cell and vesicle membranes in the ensemble cell–vesicle content‐mixing assay (Figure "ADVS-10-2301478-g006" ="fig"> <bold>3</bold>a ). In all experiments, 5 U Thr protease was added to induce cleavage at the S2’ site. When ACE2 was excluded, we observed only mild content mixing between the spike3a). In all experiments, 5 U Thr protease was added to induce cleavage at the S2’ site. When ACE2 was excluded, we observed only mild content mixing between the spike1268‐cell and blank‐vesicle. Notably, th source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Although the interaction of the RBD with ACE2 is essential for spike‐mediated viral entry, alternative membrane proteins, such as AXL and CD147, have also been identified as candidate receptors for spike.[ 29 , 31 ] To further investigate whether RBD binding to ACE2 is dispensable for spike‐mediated membrane fusion in the reconstituted fusion system, we used neutravidin (NTV), a deglycosylated native avidin composed of four identical biotin‐binding subunits, to crosslink the biotin‐containing cell and vesicle membranes in the ensemble cell–vesicle content‐mixing assay (Figure "ADVS-10-2301478-g006" ="fig"> <bold>3</bold>a ). In all experiments, 5 U Thr protease was added to induce cleavage at the S2’ site. When ACE2 was excluded, we observed only mild content mixing between the spike3a). In all experiments, 5 U Thr protease was added to induce cleavage at the S2’ site. When ACE2 was excluded, we observed only mild content mixing between the spike1268‐cell and blank‐vesicle. Notably, think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00188820.jpg caption=(a–c) are, respectively, the reconstruction results for c1, c2 and c3 concentration functions from equation (6.1). At the top row, the true concentration targets at fine discretization with N=100, and below their projection Πci, projected image reconstruction Φr^i and fourth iteration of the positively constrained estimator c^i+ all in resolution N=70, assuming a subspace of s=144 discrete cosine transform functions. (Online version in colour.) source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: (a–c) are, respectively, the reconstruction results for c1, c2 and c3 concentration functions from equation (6.1). At the top row, the true concentration targets at fine discretization with N=100, and below their projection Πci, projected image reconstruction Φr^i and fourth iteration of the positively constrained estimator c^i+ all in resolution N=70, assuming a subspace of s=144 discrete cosine transform functions. (Online version in colour.) A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00722846.jpg caption=Histological examination of the kidney showed that LPS administration to rats in early pregnancy caused glomerular endothelial swelling with occlusion of capillary loops and urinary space ( "pone.0124001.g004" ="fig">Fig 4 ). To determine whether renal morphological alterations were associated with the immune response of the kidney ). To determine whether renal morphological alterations were associated with the immune response of the kidney per se, the expression and location of TLR4 and its downstream target NF-κB p65 in the kidney were assessed by immunostaining ( "pone.0124001.g005" ="fig">Fig 5 ). Predominantly expressed by tubular epithelial cell in the kidney, TLR4 had similar expression in the pregnant groups (). Predominantly expressed by tubular epithelial cell in the kidney, TLR4 had similar expression in the pregnant groups ( "pone.0124001.g005" ="fig">Fig 5A ). Similarly, the expression of NF-κB p65 was not significantly different in the kidney of the pregnant groups (). Si source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Histological examination of the kidney showed that LPS administration to rats in early pregnancy caused glomerular endothelial swelling with occlusion of capillary loops and urinary space ( "pone.0124001.g004" ="fig">Fig 4 ). To determine whether renal morphological alterations were associated with the immune response of the kidney ). To determine whether renal morphological alterations were associated with the immune response of the kidney per se, the expression and location of TLR4 and its downstream target NF-κB p65 in the kidney were assessed by immunostaining ( "pone.0124001.g005" ="fig">Fig 5 ). Predominantly expressed by tubular epithelial cell in the kidney, TLR4 had similar expression in the pregnant groups (). Predominantly expressed by tubular epithelial cell in the kidney, TLR4 had similar expression in the pregnant groups ( "pone.0124001.g005" ="fig">Fig 5A ). Similarly, the expression of NF-κB p65 was not significantly different in the kidney of the pregnant groups (). think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00589283.jpg caption=EDX analysis was used to evaluate the quantitative analysis of the synthesized nanoparticles ( "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">Figure "fig3" ="fig">3 A). The CCM CD-decorated chitosan nanoparticle contains numerous elements, as confirmed by EDX analysis. A majority of the chemical composition of the CCM@CDs/CS-NP is made up of C, O, and N atoms. As a result of EDX analysis, the mass element ratios of the synthesized nanomaterial were determined as 45,27% O, 44,04% C, and 10,69% N. "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">3 A). The CCM CD-decorated chitosan nanoparticle contains numerous elements, as confirmed by EDX analysis. A majority of the chemical composition of the CCM@CDs/CS-NP is made up of C, O, and N atoms. As a result of EDX analysis, the mass element ratios of the synthesized nanomaterial were determined as 45,27% O, 44,04% C, and 10,69% N. "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">Figure "fig3" ="fig">3 B demonstrates the EDX elemental maps of a synthesized novel nanoparticle. The existence of carbon, nitrogen, and source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: EDX analysis was used to evaluate the quantitative analysis of the synthesized nanoparticles ( "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">Figure "fig3" ="fig">3 A). The CCM CD-decorated chitosan nanoparticle contains numerous elements, as confirmed by EDX analysis. A majority of the chemical composition of the CCM@CDs/CS-NP is made up of C, O, and N atoms. As a result of EDX analysis, the mass element ratios of the synthesized nanomaterial were determined as 45,27% O, 44,04% C, and 10,69% N. "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">3 A). The CCM CD-decorated chitosan nanoparticle contains numerous elements, as confirmed by EDX analysis. A majority of the chemical composition of the CCM@CDs/CS-NP is made up of C, O, and N atoms. As a result of EDX analysis, the mass element ratios of the synthesized nanomaterial were determined as 45,27% O, 44,04% C, and 10,69% N. "ao3c03405_0003" ="fig">Figure "fig3" ="fig">3 B demonstrates the EDX elemental maps of a synthesized novel nanoparticle. The existence of carbon, nitrogen, think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00104726.jpg caption=Individual assignment results using STRUCTURE software based on 103 loci. (A) K = 2; (B) K = 3, (C) K = 4 and (D) K = 5. Admixture analyses showing the proportion of the genome of each individual originated from A. charrua or A. reicherti. Each individual is represented as a vertical bar divided into segments representing the proportion of the genome corresponding to A. charrua (red) or A. reicherti (blue). Populations are labeled above the bar plots; mt bars: represent the Cytb haplotype assignation of each individual to A. charrua (red) or A. reicherti (blue) species. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Individual assignment results using STRUCTURE software based on 103 loci. (A) K = 2; (B) K = 3, (C) K = 4 and (D) K = 5. Admixture analyses showing the proportion of the genome of each individual originated from A. charrua or A. reicherti. Each individual is represented as a vertical bar divided into segments representing the proportion of the genome corresponding to A. charrua (red) or A. reicherti (blue). Populations are labeled above the bar plots; mt bars: represent the Cytb haplotype assignation of each individual to A. charrua (red) or A. reicherti (blue) species. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00778271.jpg caption=="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Figs 2a,b ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g011">11 ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2a,b ).). On leaf. Height 5.0–7.0 mm (= total height above and below leaf blade), width 5.0–9.5 mm. Gall opening slit-like, 0.5–0.8 mm long; on abaxial or adaxial surface, but all galls opening on same surface on any one leaf. Side of gall with opening conical, other side convex, globose ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2b ).). ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Figs 2c,d ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g012">12 ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2c,d ).). ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2c ). On stem and base of petiole. Height 3.0–7.7 mm, width 4.5–8.6 mm, length of basal attachment 4.6–11.8 mm. Gall opening slit-like to oblong, 0.1–0.4 mm wide, 0.4–1.7 mm long (paralectotype galls with slit-like opening mostly 0.1 x 1.2 mm). Gall globose, surface variable, distal area frequently with 1 or 2 concentric circular scars, distal surface above scars smooth and lighter in colour than source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Figs 2a,b ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g011">11 ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2a,b ).). On leaf. Height 5.0–7.0 mm (= total height above and below leaf blade), width 5.0–9.5 mm. Gall opening slit-like, 0.5–0.8 mm long; on abaxial or adaxial surface, but all galls opening on same surface on any one leaf. Side of gall with opening conical, other side convex, globose ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2b ).). ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Figs 2c,d ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g012">12 ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2c,d ).). ( ="fig" "ZooKeys-058-001-g002">Fig. 2c ). On stem and base of petiole. Height 3.0–7.7 mm, width 4.5–8.6 mm, length of basal attachment 4.6–11.8 mm. Gall opening slit-like to oblong, 0.1–0.4 mm wide, 0.4–1.7 mm long (paralectotype galls with slit-like opening mostly 0.1 x 1.2 mm). Gall globose, surface variable, distal area frequently with 1 or 2 concentric circular scars, distal surface above scars smooth and lighter in colour t think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00270761.jpg caption=SEM analysis of alloying elements in a composite’s matrix: (a) SEM: microstructure of the material, β-phase inclusions; (b)linear analysis results, (c) Spectrum 1, (d) Spectrum 2. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: SEM analysis of alloying elements in a composite’s matrix: (a) SEM: microstructure of the material, β-phase inclusions; (b)linear analysis results, (c) Spectrum 1, (d) Spectrum 2. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00463313.jpg caption=Similar to previous analyses, we found that some programs are highly visible based on market share alone. Two programs controlled 9% of the field’s market share, with >4% each and 20 institutions are responsible for placing 50% of the TT anthropology professors nationwide. However, the relationship between market share and high rates of alumni having TT jobs is not as clear cut. While half the institutions have graduated less than 100 total students in the last 20 years (n = 47), during this time the ten highest graduate producing institutions awarded between 241 and 329 doctoral degrees students each, for a total of 2862 students ( "pone.0285330.g003" ="fig">Fig 3 ). This is more than a quarter (26.7%) of the total anthropology doctoral recipients during this time. In comparison the lowest quarter of anthropology doctoral programs (n = 24) produced only 751 graduates. The dramatic size differences between programs highlight how market share analysis, while certainly useful, will syste source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Similar to previous analyses, we found that some programs are highly visible based on market share alone. Two programs controlled 9% of the field’s market share, with >4% each and 20 institutions are responsible for placing 50% of the TT anthropology professors nationwide. However, the relationship between market share and high rates of alumni having TT jobs is not as clear cut. While half the institutions have graduated less than 100 total students in the last 20 years (n = 47), during this time the ten highest graduate producing institutions awarded between 241 and 329 doctoral degrees students each, for a total of 2862 students ( "pone.0285330.g003" ="fig">Fig 3 ). This is more than a quarter (26.7%) of the total anthropology doctoral recipients during this time. In comparison the lowest quarter of anthropology doctoral programs (n = 24) produced only 751 graduates. The dramatic size differences between programs highlight how market share analysis, while certainly useful, will sy think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00319988.jpg caption=To determine whether distinct projection classes of neurons exist from a particular parcel of the brain, hypothesis HA, we tested the pairwise differences between neurons from the experimental matrices described above. If only a single class of neurons exists, then only a single distribution of differences between neurons will be generated ( "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">Figure 2A ). If two hypothetical classes exist, then the differences between neurons, evaluated two at a time, will be smaller within a given class than across the two classes (). If two hypothetical classes exist, then the differences between neurons, evaluated two at a time, will be smaller within a given class than across the two classes ( "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">Figure 2B –– "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">C ). In a multi-class scenario, a histogram of the differences between neurons should be wider than the distribution generated when all the neurons belong to just a single class (). In a multi-class source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To determine whether distinct projection classes of neurons exist from a particular parcel of the brain, hypothesis HA, we tested the pairwise differences between neurons from the experimental matrices described above. If only a single class of neurons exists, then only a single distribution of differences between neurons will be generated ( "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">Figure 2A ). If two hypothetical classes exist, then the differences between neurons, evaluated two at a time, will be smaller within a given class than across the two classes (). If two hypothetical classes exist, then the differences between neurons, evaluated two at a time, will be smaller within a given class than across the two classes ( "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">Figure 2B –– "nihpp-rs3044664v1-f0002" ="fig">C ). In a multi-class scenario, a histogram of the differences between neurons should be wider than the distribution generated when all the neurons belong to just a single class (). In a multi-cla think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00776363.jpg caption=Freshwater habitats ranging from water reservoir, natural pools and temporary streams were sampled during two field campaigns in 2013 and 2014 in Deserta Grande Island (Fig. ="fig" "bdj-09-e59898-g002">2 ). Five samples were collected at four sites (Table ). Five samples were collected at four sites (Table 1). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Freshwater habitats ranging from water reservoir, natural pools and temporary streams were sampled during two field campaigns in 2013 and 2014 in Deserta Grande Island (Fig. ="fig" "bdj-09-e59898-g002">2 ). Five samples were collected at four sites (Table ). Five samples were collected at four sites (Table 1). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00280916.jpg caption=There were a total of 4,186 peptides in the data set with identifications by MS/MS at a 1% false discovery rate. Latent factor modeling grouped the individual peptides into 110 metaproteins. P-values generated from the association analysis of each of the 110 metaproteins and rs12979860 genotype are shown in the quantile-quantile (QQ) plot in ="fig" "pone.0021854.g001">Figure 1 . A single metaprotein showed significant association with . A single metaprotein showed significant association with IL28B genotype after Bonferroni correction for multiple hypothesis testing: the liver protein corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG; p = 9.2×10−6). The rs12979860 ‘C’ (responder) allele was associated with lower levels of CBG metaprotein and explained 46% of the variance in CBG metaprotein ( ="fig" "pone.0021854.g002">Figure 2 ). These results remained significant when testing a recessive model (CC versus TC/TT; p = 7.45×10). These results remained significant when testing a recessive model (CC ver source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: There were a total of 4,186 peptides in the data set with identifications by MS/MS at a 1% false discovery rate. Latent factor modeling grouped the individual peptides into 110 metaproteins. P-values generated from the association analysis of each of the 110 metaproteins and rs12979860 genotype are shown in the quantile-quantile (QQ) plot in ="fig" "pone.0021854.g001">Figure 1 . A single metaprotein showed significant association with . A single metaprotein showed significant association with IL28B genotype after Bonferroni correction for multiple hypothesis testing: the liver protein corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG; p = 9.2×10−6). The rs12979860 ‘C’ (responder) allele was associated with lower levels of CBG metaprotein and explained 46% of the variance in CBG metaprotein ( ="fig" "pone.0021854.g002">Figure 2 ). These results remained significant when testing a recessive model (CC versus TC/TT; p = 7.45×10). These results remained significant when testing a recessive model (CC think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00292306.jpg caption=Treatment with oral AZD1236 significantly suppressed BSCB breakdown (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3A,B ), reduced fibrotic scarring (Figure ), reduced fibrotic scarring (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3C,D ), suppressed Semaphorin‐3A (Sema‐3A) (Figure ), suppressed Semaphorin‐3A (Sema‐3A) (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3E,F ) and CS‐56 levels (Figure ) and CS‐56 levels (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3G,H ), attenuated CD11b), attenuated CD11b+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,J ), CD68), CD68+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,K ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,L ) immunoreactivity at the lesion site. In isolated primary adult mouse brain microglia subjected to lypopolysaccharide (LPS) activation, increasing doses of AZD1236 caused a dose‐dependent decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (Figure ) immunoreactivity at the lesion site. In isolated primary adult mouse brai source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Treatment with oral AZD1236 significantly suppressed BSCB breakdown (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3A,B ), reduced fibrotic scarring (Figure ), reduced fibrotic scarring (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3C,D ), suppressed Semaphorin‐3A (Sema‐3A) (Figure ), suppressed Semaphorin‐3A (Sema‐3A) (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3E,F ) and CS‐56 levels (Figure ) and CS‐56 levels (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3G,H ), attenuated CD11b), attenuated CD11b+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,J ), CD68), CD68+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,K ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ (Figure "CTM2-12-e884-g002" ="fig">3I,L ) immunoreactivity at the lesion site. In isolated primary adult mouse brain microglia subjected to lypopolysaccharide (LPS) activation, increasing doses of AZD1236 caused a dose‐dependent decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (Figure ) immunoreactivity at the lesion site. In isolated primary adult mouse b think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=52yo Indigenous male
file_name=biomedica_00292587.jpg caption=To elucidate the mechanisms which underlie the conversion of PCs into cells of origin of small intestinal tumors in the context of inflammation and/or of specific genetic hits, we combined scRNAseq analysis with lineage tracing. To this aim, we induced the Apc, Kras, and Tp53 genetic mutations in the R26LSL-tdTomato/Lyz1CreERT2 (or R26LSL-YFP) reporter strains in the presence or absence of DSS ( "nihpp-rs2458794v1-f0002" ="fig">Fig. 2a ). Subsequently, cells were harvested from the intestinal epithelium, purified by FACS, and transcriptionally profiled by scRNAseq (). Subsequently, cells were harvested from the intestinal epithelium, purified by FACS, and transcriptionally profiled by scRNAseq (Methods; Suppl. Fig. 3). After preprocessing, we obtained the transcriptomes of 23231 epithelial cells from 32 mice, distributed over the different lineages of the intestinal epithelium ( "nihpp-rs2458794v1-f0002" ="fig">Fig. 2b ). Close examination of the cells positive for the reporter genes ( source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To elucidate the mechanisms which underlie the conversion of PCs into cells of origin of small intestinal tumors in the context of inflammation and/or of specific genetic hits, we combined scRNAseq analysis with lineage tracing. To this aim, we induced the Apc, Kras, and Tp53 genetic mutations in the R26LSL-tdTomato/Lyz1CreERT2 (or R26LSL-YFP) reporter strains in the presence or absence of DSS ( "nihpp-rs2458794v1-f0002" ="fig">Fig. 2a ). Subsequently, cells were harvested from the intestinal epithelium, purified by FACS, and transcriptionally profiled by scRNAseq (). Subsequently, cells were harvested from the intestinal epithelium, purified by FACS, and transcriptionally profiled by scRNAseq (Methods; Suppl. Fig. 3). After preprocessing, we obtained the transcriptomes of 23231 epithelial cells from 32 mice, distributed over the different lineages of the intestinal epithelium ( "nihpp-rs2458794v1-f0002" ="fig">Fig. 2b ). Close examination of the cells positive for the reporter gene think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00763927.jpg caption=Tradescantia subg. Setcreasea comprises succulent plants with complicate leaves (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13A–F ), tubular flowers (generally sympetalous and epipetalous; Fig13D, G–H, J–K) and filaments that range from glabrous to sparsely barbate with short moniliform hairs (Fig. ), tubular flowers (generally sympetalous and epipetalous; Fig13D, G–H, J–K) and filaments that range from glabrous to sparsely barbate with short moniliform hairs (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13H, J, K ). This group was thoroughly studied and almost completely monographed by ). This group was thoroughly studied and almost completely monographed by Hunt (1975), with only four of its currently accepted species not included in the key. Its morphology is considerably homogeneous, with species related with the commonly cultivated T. pallida forming a species complex (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13A, E, G, K ). ). Tradescantia sect. Tradescantia ser. Sillamontanae was differentiated from source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Tradescantia subg. Setcreasea comprises succulent plants with complicate leaves (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13A–F ), tubular flowers (generally sympetalous and epipetalous; Fig13D, G–H, J–K) and filaments that range from glabrous to sparsely barbate with short moniliform hairs (Fig. ), tubular flowers (generally sympetalous and epipetalous; Fig13D, G–H, J–K) and filaments that range from glabrous to sparsely barbate with short moniliform hairs (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13H, J, K ). This group was thoroughly studied and almost completely monographed by ). This group was thoroughly studied and almost completely monographed by Hunt (1975), with only four of its currently accepted species not included in the key. Its morphology is considerably homogeneous, with species related with the commonly cultivated T. pallida forming a species complex (Fig. ="fig" "phytokeys-89-011-g013">13A, E, G, K ). ). Tradescantia sect. Tradescantia ser. Sillamontanae was differentiated f think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD Z13.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=Z13.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00083098.jpg caption=Subsequently, we apply the reverse non-linear registration of each segmented image to CCF (see Section S1.2.3 for the technical description), in order to map the labelled pixels to the 3D brain template (Fig. "12021_2023_9644_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ). The trick here is that we register the cleaned segmented images directly instead of the raw experimental ones, which is allowed since they are the same size. This trick allows to promptly and directly embed the axonal and somatic segments of the analysed experiment into the 3D coordinate space of CCF, without including any additional and unnecessary histological information. The reverse registration is computed using the back-end Python libraries of VisuAlign.). The trick here is that we register the cleaned segmented images directly instead of the raw experimental ones, which is allowed since they are the same size. This trick allows to promptly and directly embed the axonal and somatic segments of the analysed experiment into the 3D coordi source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Subsequently, we apply the reverse non-linear registration of each segmented image to CCF (see Section S1.2.3 for the technical description), in order to map the labelled pixels to the 3D brain template (Fig. "12021_2023_9644_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 ). The trick here is that we register the cleaned segmented images directly instead of the raw experimental ones, which is allowed since they are the same size. This trick allows to promptly and directly embed the axonal and somatic segments of the analysed experiment into the 3D coordinate space of CCF, without including any additional and unnecessary histological information. The reverse registration is computed using the back-end Python libraries of VisuAlign.). The trick here is that we register the cleaned segmented images directly instead of the raw experimental ones, which is allowed since they are the same size. This trick allows to promptly and directly embed the axonal and somatic segments of the analysed experiment into the 3D coo think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=42yo Black female
file_name=biomedica_00685260.jpg caption=We examined the level of concordance among transcripts and proteins of genes that are members of the same biological pathway. In total, 2,768 proteins were mapped to 108 biological pathways in KEGG. We performed correlation analyses on 94 pathways that contained more than five genes with both transcript and protein measured ( ="fig" "srep14582-f4">Fig. 4A ). We observed that some pathways, such as “Peroxisome” (). We observed that some pathways, such as “Peroxisome” ( ="fig" "srep14582-f4">Fig. 4B ), had good concordance between changes of the transcript and protein levels (), had good concordance between changes of the transcript and protein levels (r > 0.4), indicating that changes in transcript expression cause corresponding changes in protein expression; hence, only minor alterations in the post-transcriptional regulation occur. Also, striking differences in the concordance between transcripts and proteins across some KEGG subcategories were observed. For example, for “Amino acid m source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We examined the level of concordance among transcripts and proteins of genes that are members of the same biological pathway. In total, 2,768 proteins were mapped to 108 biological pathways in KEGG. We performed correlation analyses on 94 pathways that contained more than five genes with both transcript and protein measured ( ="fig" "srep14582-f4">Fig. 4A ). We observed that some pathways, such as “Peroxisome” (). We observed that some pathways, such as “Peroxisome” ( ="fig" "srep14582-f4">Fig. 4B ), had good concordance between changes of the transcript and protein levels (), had good concordance between changes of the transcript and protein levels (r > 0.4), indicating that changes in transcript expression cause corresponding changes in protein expression; hence, only minor alterations in the post-transcriptional regulation occur. Also, striking differences in the concordance between transcripts and proteins across some KEGG subcategories were observed. For example, for “Amino aci think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00280991.jpg caption=After calculating our indices, we then calculated partial correlations between these indices and RAN performance, controlling for participant age. This yielded a significant negative correlation between processing speed and the impact of target-distractor similarity, r(62) = −.272, p = .03, such that faster processing speeds were related to greater decrements in performance with high similarity distractors (see ="fig" "pone.0033265.g002">Figure 2 ). We then looked at the relationship between RAN performance and AB magnitude. In the high-similarity condition, faster processing speed was related to greater AB magnitude, ). We then looked at the relationship between RAN performance and AB magnitude. In the high-similarity condition, faster processing speed was related to greater AB magnitude, r(62) = −.316, p<.02 (see ="fig" "pone.0033265.g003">Figure 3A ). Critically, however, in the low-similarity condition, this relationship was non-significant, , ). Critically, however, in the low-sim source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: After calculating our indices, we then calculated partial correlations between these indices and RAN performance, controlling for participant age. This yielded a significant negative correlation between processing speed and the impact of target-distractor similarity, r(62) = −.272, p = .03, such that faster processing speeds were related to greater decrements in performance with high similarity distractors (see ="fig" "pone.0033265.g002">Figure 2 ). We then looked at the relationship between RAN performance and AB magnitude. In the high-similarity condition, faster processing speed was related to greater AB magnitude, ). We then looked at the relationship between RAN performance and AB magnitude. In the high-similarity condition, faster processing speed was related to greater AB magnitude, r(62) = −.316, p<.02 (see ="fig" "pone.0033265.g003">Figure 3A ). Critically, however, in the low-similarity condition, this relationship was non-significant, , ). Critically, however, in the low- think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00616592.jpg caption=For miR-3679-5p, the top three KEGG pathways pointed to Hedgehog signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction ( "ijms-25-10125-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 A). The top 10 enrichments in the molecular function component of GO analysis are mainly related to membrane transporter (GO:0022857/0022892/0046915/0022891/0015075/0015082/0008324/0046873) and lipase activities (GO:0004620/0016298). The biological process component annotated most of the GO terms on development (GO:0007275/0048856/0048468/0048731/0048513), next regulation of biological processes (GO:0048519/0048523) and signal transduction (GO:0007165). The cellular component of GO analysis annotated 8 of the top 10 enrichments on membrane-related terms (GO:0005886/0016020/0044425/0044459/0005887/0031226/0016021/0031224) (A). The top 10 enrichments in the molecular function component of GO analysis are mainly related to membrane transporter (GO:0022857/0022892/0046915/0022891/0015075/0015082/0008324/00 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: For miR-3679-5p, the top three KEGG pathways pointed to Hedgehog signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction ( "ijms-25-10125-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 A). The top 10 enrichments in the molecular function component of GO analysis are mainly related to membrane transporter (GO:0022857/0022892/0046915/0022891/0015075/0015082/0008324/0046873) and lipase activities (GO:0004620/0016298). The biological process component annotated most of the GO terms on development (GO:0007275/0048856/0048468/0048731/0048513), next regulation of biological processes (GO:0048519/0048523) and signal transduction (GO:0007165). The cellular component of GO analysis annotated 8 of the top 10 enrichments on membrane-related terms (GO:0005886/0016020/0044425/0044459/0005887/0031226/0016021/0031224) (A). The top 10 enrichments in the molecular function component of GO analysis are mainly related to membrane transporter (GO:0022857/0022892/0046915/0022891/0015075/0015082/0008324 think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00443345.jpg caption=The sensitivity and specitivity of increased BNP or NT-proBNP levels to predict all cause mortality were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65 to 0.74) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.67), respectively. Spearman's correlation between sensitivity and specificity was 0.08 (P = 0.70), suggesting no evidence of a threshold effect. We therefore calculated pooled positive (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR). The summary PLR was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.08) and NLR was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.55). There was statistical heterogeneity for the PLR (I2 = 58.72%, 95% CI, 58.72% to 83.19%, P = 0.001) and NLR (I2 = 57.66%, 95% CI, 38.05% to 77.27%, P = 0.001) ( ="fig" "pone.0079302.g003">Figure 3 ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The sensitivity and specitivity of increased BNP or NT-proBNP levels to predict all cause mortality were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65 to 0.74) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.67), respectively. Spearman's correlation between sensitivity and specificity was 0.08 (P = 0.70), suggesting no evidence of a threshold effect. We therefore calculated pooled positive (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR). The summary PLR was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.08) and NLR was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.55). There was statistical heterogeneity for the PLR (I2 = 58.72%, 95% CI, 58.72% to 83.19%, P = 0.001) and NLR (I2 = 57.66%, 95% CI, 38.05% to 77.27%, P = 0.001) ( ="fig" "pone.0079302.g003">Figure 3 ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00698181.jpg caption=="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g003a">Figure 3 , , ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g004">Figure 4 and and ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g005">Figure 5 show the decoupled precise satellite clock corrections for the pseudorange and carrier-phase observations for different days, namely 26–27 August 2012, and 5 April 2013. As indicated earlier, the difference between the decoupled satellite clock corrections is the satellite hardware delay for pseudorange and carrier phase observations as shown in show the decoupled precise satellite clock corrections for the pseudorange and carrier-phase observations for different days, namely 26–27 August 2012, and 5 April 2013. As indicated earlier, the difference between the decoupled satellite clock corrections is the satellite hardware delay for pseudorange and carrier phase observations as shown in ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g003a">Figure 3 , , ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g004">Figure 4 and and ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g005">Figure 5 . Only the GPS decoupled clock product source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g003a">Figure 3 , , ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g004">Figure 4 and and ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g005">Figure 5 show the decoupled precise satellite clock corrections for the pseudorange and carrier-phase observations for different days, namely 26–27 August 2012, and 5 April 2013. As indicated earlier, the difference between the decoupled satellite clock corrections is the satellite hardware delay for pseudorange and carrier phase observations as shown in show the decoupled precise satellite clock corrections for the pseudorange and carrier-phase observations for different days, namely 26–27 August 2012, and 5 April 2013. As indicated earlier, the difference between the decoupled satellite clock corrections is the satellite hardware delay for pseudorange and carrier phase observations as shown in ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g003a">Figure 3 , , ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g004">Figure 4 and and ="fig" "sensors-15-14701-g005">Figure 5 . Only the GPS decoupled clock prod think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00246995.jpg caption=To better understand PDD’s error detection, sample scatter pair plots between the features of the eICU-CRD dataset are shown in "bioengineering-11-00770-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 . The outlier, undecided, and mislabelled records are the 10 abnormal records presented in . The outlier, undecided, and mislabelled records are the 10 abnormal records presented in Section 3.3. In "bioengineering-11-00770-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 a,b, regardless of whether the x-axis values are continuous or discrete, the decision boundaries for classification are not linear. Two classes are mixed, making classification and error detection based on the original features challenging due to entanglement.a,b, regardless of whether the x-axis values are continuous or discrete, the decision boundaries for classification are not linear. Two classes are mixed, making classification and error detection based on the original features challenging due to entanglement. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To better understand PDD’s error detection, sample scatter pair plots between the features of the eICU-CRD dataset are shown in "bioengineering-11-00770-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 . The outlier, undecided, and mislabelled records are the 10 abnormal records presented in . The outlier, undecided, and mislabelled records are the 10 abnormal records presented in Section 3.3. In "bioengineering-11-00770-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 a,b, regardless of whether the x-axis values are continuous or discrete, the decision boundaries for classification are not linear. Two classes are mixed, making classification and error detection based on the original features challenging due to entanglement.a,b, regardless of whether the x-axis values are continuous or discrete, the decision boundaries for classification are not linear. Two classes are mixed, making classification and error detection based on the original features challenging due to entanglement. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further eva think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=71yo Asian male
file_name=biomedica_00496483.jpg caption=A final sample of 16 articles met the in- and exclusion criteria and were selected for duplicate data extraction and analysis (M.P.V.-D.). A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram [67] is shown in "ijerph-19-12944-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 . The software used for the management of the results of the search were Clarivate Endnote TM 20.2.1 (Philadelphia, PA, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2016 (Redmond, WA, USA).. The software used for the management of the results of the search were Clarivate Endnote TM 20.2.1 (Philadelphia, PA, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2016 (Redmond, WA, USA). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: A final sample of 16 articles met the in- and exclusion criteria and were selected for duplicate data extraction and analysis (M.P.V.-D.). A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) diagram [67] is shown in "ijerph-19-12944-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 . The software used for the management of the results of the search were Clarivate Endnote TM 20.2.1 (Philadelphia, PA, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2016 (Redmond, WA, USA).. The software used for the management of the results of the search were Clarivate Endnote TM 20.2.1 (Philadelphia, PA, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2016 (Redmond, WA, USA). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00268576.jpg caption=As shown in Figure "ADVS-7-2000689-g001" ="fig"> <bold>1</bold> a, we prepared three sets of Pero‐LEDs with the different interfaces of perovskite and substrates, that is, perovskite/PEDOT:PSS, perovskite/ITO, and perovskite/UT‐PEDOT:PSS. The conventional thick PEDOT:PSS is supposed to block electrons effectively but will induce some loss of photons, that is, low LEE, mostly due to its absorbance in the visible light region. On the one hand, we can increase the LEE by removing the PEDOT:PSS layer; however, this in returns cause severe non‐radiative recombination in the interface of perovskite/ITO. We propose to realize the balance of increasing hole injection capability and the loss of photons by simply reducing the thickness of PEDOT:PSS, that is, preparing an ultrathin layer of PEDOT:PSS. Here, we prepared the conventional thick PEDOT:PSS using the well‐documented method, and we developed a water stripping method to prepare the UT‐PEDOT:PSS. The thickness of PEDOT:PSS (Figure 1 a, we source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As shown in Figure "ADVS-7-2000689-g001" ="fig"> <bold>1</bold> a, we prepared three sets of Pero‐LEDs with the different interfaces of perovskite and substrates, that is, perovskite/PEDOT:PSS, perovskite/ITO, and perovskite/UT‐PEDOT:PSS. The conventional thick PEDOT:PSS is supposed to block electrons effectively but will induce some loss of photons, that is, low LEE, mostly due to its absorbance in the visible light region. On the one hand, we can increase the LEE by removing the PEDOT:PSS layer; however, this in returns cause severe non‐radiative recombination in the interface of perovskite/ITO. We propose to realize the balance of increasing hole injection capability and the loss of photons by simply reducing the thickness of PEDOT:PSS, that is, preparing an ultrathin layer of PEDOT:PSS. Here, we prepared the conventional thick PEDOT:PSS using the well‐documented method, and we developed a water stripping method to prepare the UT‐PEDOT:PSS. The thickness of PEDOT:PSS (Figure 1 a, think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=pmcvqa_00018527.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is the condition of the renal tissue affected by lupus nephritis in the image (a)–(c)? Answer: Mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis with no electron dense deposits source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is the condition of the renal tissue affected by lupus nephritis in the image (a)–(c)? Answer: Mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis with no electron dense deposits A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00311019.jpg caption=Diffusion-weighted images were processed with TRACULA (Yendiki et al., 2011), which applies the ball-and-stick model (FSL’s bedpostx) for probabilistic tractography of known white matter pathways using anatomically constrained priors from FreeSurfer. We then performed local probabilistic tractography with probtrackx2 (Behrens et al., 2007) based on bedpostx outputs. This was performed between all parcellations and segmentations from FreeSurfer, extended 2 mm into white matter and registered to each each subject’s diffusion space. The number of connections for a given seed region to a target region were normalized by dividing out the total number of tracks from the seed region. This resulted in an asymmetrical 89 × 89 connectivity matrix, including 21 subcortical regions. (See Figure ="fig" "fnhum-10-00190-g0001">1 for region names). However, since probabilistic tractography has no information regarding the direction of these connections, we averaged the for region names). However, sinc source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Diffusion-weighted images were processed with TRACULA (Yendiki et al., 2011), which applies the ball-and-stick model (FSL’s bedpostx) for probabilistic tractography of known white matter pathways using anatomically constrained priors from FreeSurfer. We then performed local probabilistic tractography with probtrackx2 (Behrens et al., 2007) based on bedpostx outputs. This was performed between all parcellations and segmentations from FreeSurfer, extended 2 mm into white matter and registered to each each subject’s diffusion space. The number of connections for a given seed region to a target region were normalized by dividing out the total number of tracks from the seed region. This resulted in an asymmetrical 89 × 89 connectivity matrix, including 21 subcortical regions. (See Figure ="fig" "fnhum-10-00190-g0001">1 for region names). However, since probabilistic tractography has no information regarding the direction of these connections, we averaged the for region names). However, s think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00739561.jpg caption=Linkage of TGFB1 activation to downstream functions through the differentially expressed proteins is provided in ="fig" "foods-10-00104-g007">Figure 7 . For simplicity, only relationships that clearly predicted activation (angiogenesis, vasculogenesis) or inhibition (apoptosis, necrosis) are presented in this figure. The expression of eight proteins in this regulatory network (PGK1, CTSB, VIM, HSP90AA1, FLNA, HSPA5, ANAXA2 and RHOA) were involved with predictions of increased angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in WB myopathy. The up-regulation of all the proteins, with the exception of PGK1, which was down-regulated, were downstream targets of TGFB1 that contributed to the predictions of enhanced blood vessel-capillary formation. Eight up-regulated proteins (HSP90AAA1, FLNA, HSPA5, ANXA2, RHOA, RACK1, NFRNPH1 and DES) and one down-regulated protein (HINT1) were involved in the predictions of reduced apoptosis and necrosis in wooden breast myopathy.. For simplicity, only relationships that source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Linkage of TGFB1 activation to downstream functions through the differentially expressed proteins is provided in ="fig" "foods-10-00104-g007">Figure 7 . For simplicity, only relationships that clearly predicted activation (angiogenesis, vasculogenesis) or inhibition (apoptosis, necrosis) are presented in this figure. The expression of eight proteins in this regulatory network (PGK1, CTSB, VIM, HSP90AA1, FLNA, HSPA5, ANAXA2 and RHOA) were involved with predictions of increased angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in WB myopathy. The up-regulation of all the proteins, with the exception of PGK1, which was down-regulated, were downstream targets of TGFB1 that contributed to the predictions of enhanced blood vessel-capillary formation. Eight up-regulated proteins (HSP90AAA1, FLNA, HSPA5, ANXA2, RHOA, RACK1, NFRNPH1 and DES) and one down-regulated protein (HINT1) were involved in the predictions of reduced apoptosis and necrosis in wooden breast myopathy.. For simplicity, only relationships t think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00588005.jpg caption=Here, dx represents the distance between modifications, and dmod. represents the diameter of a single-shot modification. The overlap of modifications in the x and y directions were kept the same to realize even ablation. In "materials-16-02788-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 , we can see how surface roughness depends on the overlap of the modifications when the surface is scanned once using laser source number 3 (central wavelength—257 nm). It can be observed that the results of numerical simulations (black curve) and experimentally acquired values (red curve) are in good agreement. The lowest surface roughness is achieved when the overlap of modifications is in the range of 10–20%. If such conditions are satisfied, the surface roughness of , we can see how surface roughness depends on the overlap of the modifications when the surface is scanned once using laser source number 3 (central wavelength—257 nm). It can be observed that the results of numerical simulations (black curve) and experimenta source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Here, dx represents the distance between modifications, and dmod. represents the diameter of a single-shot modification. The overlap of modifications in the x and y directions were kept the same to realize even ablation. In "materials-16-02788-g006" ="fig">Figure 6 , we can see how surface roughness depends on the overlap of the modifications when the surface is scanned once using laser source number 3 (central wavelength—257 nm). It can be observed that the results of numerical simulations (black curve) and experimentally acquired values (red curve) are in good agreement. The lowest surface roughness is achieved when the overlap of modifications is in the range of 10–20%. If such conditions are satisfied, the surface roughness of , we can see how surface roughness depends on the overlap of the modifications when the surface is scanned once using laser source number 3 (central wavelength—257 nm). It can be observed that the results of numerical simulations (black curve) and experime think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00180553.jpg caption=Biotin-labeled 1 was prepared by elongating the foldamer segment with a biotinyl-aminohexanoyl-Gly-Gly moiety and these derivatives were coupled to G0-PAMAM which furnished biotin-labeled 7. Biotinyl-8 was also prepared. All the labeled ligands were attached to the streptavidin functionalized microplates with a coverage of 5 pmoles per well. The ELISA datasets ( ="fig" "pone.0039485.g006">Figure 6A ) revealed that biotinyl-) revealed that biotinyl-7 successfully captured Aβ oligomer species at nanomolar affinity, even on the solid support. Because of the potential sterical shielding of the recognition segments over the surface, the ITC affinities cannot be directly compared to the ELISA results. The IC50 values for biotinyl-8 and -1 exhibited the same increasing trend as observed for the apparent KD-s in the ITC titrations. ITC measurements with 9, 10 and 11 did not reveal any tight binding to the Aβ oligomer species (Figure S4). This phenomenon was tested also in a capture ELISA. Biot source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Biotin-labeled 1 was prepared by elongating the foldamer segment with a biotinyl-aminohexanoyl-Gly-Gly moiety and these derivatives were coupled to G0-PAMAM which furnished biotin-labeled 7. Biotinyl-8 was also prepared. All the labeled ligands were attached to the streptavidin functionalized microplates with a coverage of 5 pmoles per well. The ELISA datasets ( ="fig" "pone.0039485.g006">Figure 6A ) revealed that biotinyl-) revealed that biotinyl-7 successfully captured Aβ oligomer species at nanomolar affinity, even on the solid support. Because of the potential sterical shielding of the recognition segments over the surface, the ITC affinities cannot be directly compared to the ELISA results. The IC50 values for biotinyl-8 and -1 exhibited the same increasing trend as observed for the apparent KD-s in the ITC titrations. ITC measurements with 9, 10 and 11 did not reveal any tight binding to the Aβ oligomer species (Figure S4). This phenomenon was tested also in a capture ELISA. B think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=pathvqa_00017505.jpg caption=Pathology Question: what does this image show? Answer: localized lesion in dome of uterus said to have adenosis adenomyosis hemorrhage probably due to shock source=pathvqa enhanced_caption=O: Pathology Question: what does this image show? Answer: localized lesion in dome of uterus said to have adenosis adenomyosis hemorrhage probably due to shock A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=pathology demographic=45yo Black male
file_name=biomedica_00406224.jpg caption=Although the loss of mtGSH clearly sensitizes cells to oxidants and many other types of cytotoxic chemicals, the GSH redox system is not the only one that functions to regulate redox status in mitochondria in the kidneys or other tissues. Jones and colleagues [80,81,82] characterized the role of the thioredoxin (Trx)–thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) system in multiple subcellular compartments, including the mitochondria, as an additional component. In a series of reviews [29,30,32,83,84,85], Jones and colleagues further conceptualized the signaling pathways that regulate redox systems, the redox proteome, and cellular energetics. In this redox systems approach, there are three main components that act to modulate protein cysteinyl residues, resulting in altered protein function ( ="fig" "ijms-22-04172-g009">Figure 9 ). While events impacting cellular function and redox status occur in virtually every subcellular compartment and in the extracellular space, the mitochondria are prominent bec source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Although the loss of mtGSH clearly sensitizes cells to oxidants and many other types of cytotoxic chemicals, the GSH redox system is not the only one that functions to regulate redox status in mitochondria in the kidneys or other tissues. Jones and colleagues [80,81,82] characterized the role of the thioredoxin (Trx)–thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) system in multiple subcellular compartments, including the mitochondria, as an additional component. In a series of reviews [29,30,32,83,84,85], Jones and colleagues further conceptualized the signaling pathways that regulate redox systems, the redox proteome, and cellular energetics. In this redox systems approach, there are three main components that act to modulate protein cysteinyl residues, resulting in altered protein function ( ="fig" "ijms-22-04172-g009">Figure 9 ). While events impacting cellular function and redox status occur in virtually every subcellular compartment and in the extracellular space, the mitochondria are prominent think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=39yo Middle Eastern female
file_name=biomedica_00065542.jpg caption=In all, 60,734 individuals were diagnosed with colorectal cancer in Sweden between 2008 and 2016. Of these, 2703 (4.5%) were identified as diagnosed with liver and lung metastases within 6 months prior or after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer ( "cancers-15-01434-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). Among these patients, 780 (29%) were also diagnosed with extrahepatic, non-pulmonary metastases. When excluding these, 1923 (3.2%) remained for further analysis, as illustrated in ). Among these patients, 780 (29%) were also diagnosed with extrahepatic, non-pulmonary metastases. When excluding these, 1923 (3.2%) remained for further analysis, as illustrated in "cancers-15-01434-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 . Patient and primary tumor characteristics are summarized in . Patient and primary tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Liver resections were conducted on 156 patients (based on data from NPR) of which 143 patients were identified in SweLiv and metastasis-specific data could be extracted for source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In all, 60,734 individuals were diagnosed with colorectal cancer in Sweden between 2008 and 2016. Of these, 2703 (4.5%) were identified as diagnosed with liver and lung metastases within 6 months prior or after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer ( "cancers-15-01434-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 ). Among these patients, 780 (29%) were also diagnosed with extrahepatic, non-pulmonary metastases. When excluding these, 1923 (3.2%) remained for further analysis, as illustrated in ). Among these patients, 780 (29%) were also diagnosed with extrahepatic, non-pulmonary metastases. When excluding these, 1923 (3.2%) remained for further analysis, as illustrated in "cancers-15-01434-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 . Patient and primary tumor characteristics are summarized in . Patient and primary tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Liver resections were conducted on 156 patients (based on data from NPR) of which 143 patients were identified in SweLiv and metastasis-specific data could be extracted f think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00592526.jpg caption=In this section we illustrate the desynchronizing effect of the NDF stimulation Eq (7) administered to the considered model of STN neurons Eqs (1)–(3). In ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6 the time-averaged order parameter 〈 the time-averaged order parameter 〈R〉 is depicted by color versus the parameters of the stimulation delay τ and stimulation intensity K for two cases of strong coupling [ ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6A ] and weak coupling [] and weak coupling [ ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6B ], which correspond to strongly and weakly synchronized STN neurons without stimulation, respectively, see ], which correspond to strongly and weakly synchronized STN neurons without stimulation, respectively, see ="fig" "pone.0173363.g002">Fig 2 . Starting from the mentioned initial states of the STN, the NDF stimulation can effectively desynchronize the stimulated neurons with stimulation parameters selected from the desynchronization parameter regions showing up in blue color in . Start source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In this section we illustrate the desynchronizing effect of the NDF stimulation Eq (7) administered to the considered model of STN neurons Eqs (1)–(3). In ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6 the time-averaged order parameter 〈 the time-averaged order parameter 〈R〉 is depicted by color versus the parameters of the stimulation delay τ and stimulation intensity K for two cases of strong coupling [ ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6A ] and weak coupling [] and weak coupling [ ="fig" "pone.0173363.g006">Fig 6B ], which correspond to strongly and weakly synchronized STN neurons without stimulation, respectively, see ], which correspond to strongly and weakly synchronized STN neurons without stimulation, respectively, see ="fig" "pone.0173363.g002">Fig 2 . Starting from the mentioned initial states of the STN, the NDF stimulation can effectively desynchronize the stimulated neurons with stimulation parameters selected from the desynchronization parameter regions showing up in blue color in . St think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00261200.jpg caption=To evaluate whether CAFs contribute to tumor growth in the peritoneal cavity, we inoculated cancer cells (MKN45-Luc) or co-inoculated cancer cells and CAF (MKN45-Luc + CAF2) into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c nu/nu mice and compared the tumor growth of MKN45-Luc between groups. CAFs enhanced tumor growth in the peritoneal cavity ( "gr6" ="fig">Figure 6 A). Next, we evaluated the effects of combination therapy with OBP-702 and PTX for a peritoneal metastasis model co-inoculated with CAF. OBP-702 was administered i.p. 3 times each week, and PTX was also administered i.p. 2 days after OBP-702 administration (A). Next, we evaluated the effects of combination therapy with OBP-702 and PTX for a peritoneal metastasis model co-inoculated with CAF. OBP-702 was administered i.p. 3 times each week, and PTX was also administered i.p. 2 days after OBP-702 administration ( "gr6" ="fig">Figure 6 B). Combination therapy significantly suppressed total tumor weight in the peritoneal cavity (B). Combin source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: To evaluate whether CAFs contribute to tumor growth in the peritoneal cavity, we inoculated cancer cells (MKN45-Luc) or co-inoculated cancer cells and CAF (MKN45-Luc + CAF2) into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c nu/nu mice and compared the tumor growth of MKN45-Luc between groups. CAFs enhanced tumor growth in the peritoneal cavity ( "gr6" ="fig">Figure 6 A). Next, we evaluated the effects of combination therapy with OBP-702 and PTX for a peritoneal metastasis model co-inoculated with CAF. OBP-702 was administered i.p. 3 times each week, and PTX was also administered i.p. 2 days after OBP-702 administration (A). Next, we evaluated the effects of combination therapy with OBP-702 and PTX for a peritoneal metastasis model co-inoculated with CAF. OBP-702 was administered i.p. 3 times each week, and PTX was also administered i.p. 2 days after OBP-702 administration ( "gr6" ="fig">Figure 6 B). Combination therapy significantly suppressed total tumor weight in the peritoneal cavity (B). Com think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD D49.9 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=D49.9 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=pmcvqa_00093241.jpg caption=Clinical Question: What is the significance of the white asterisks in figure b? Answer: They represent oocytes stained positive for DDX4 Ab. source=pmcvqa enhanced_caption=O: Clinical Question: What is the significance of the white asterisks in figure b? Answer: They represent oocytes stained positive for DDX4 Ab. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=radiology demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00141174.jpg caption=We next aimed to determine the mechanism of the activity transition between AncERK1-5 and AncERK1-2. Almost all MAPKs have a conserved 'TxY' motif at the activation lip in their kinase domain, and dual phosphorylation of this motif drives kinase activation. Dual phosphorylation of the threonine and tyrosine residues of 'TxY' motif in ERK2 is catalyzed by MEK1/2. This dual phosphorylation causes the N- and C-terminal domains in ERK2 to rotate toward one another, thus organizing the catalytic sites (Canagarajah et al., 1997). This conformational change also promotes substrate recognition in the p+1 site ( ="fig" "elife-38805-fig2">Figure 2A ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We next aimed to determine the mechanism of the activity transition between AncERK1-5 and AncERK1-2. Almost all MAPKs have a conserved 'TxY' motif at the activation lip in their kinase domain, and dual phosphorylation of this motif drives kinase activation. Dual phosphorylation of the threonine and tyrosine residues of 'TxY' motif in ERK2 is catalyzed by MEK1/2. This dual phosphorylation causes the N- and C-terminal domains in ERK2 to rotate toward one another, thus organizing the catalytic sites (Canagarajah et al., 1997). This conformational change also promotes substrate recognition in the p+1 site ( ="fig" "elife-38805-fig2">Figure 2A ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00425382.jpg caption=As mentioned above, the newly developed spongy monolith was suitable for a high-throughput affinity reaction. Because the immobilization of the proteins was based on a simple reaction with epoxy groups in the monolith, we believe that this material could be used for a variety of protein-based reactions. To explore this idea further, we carried out high-throughput online digestion using a digestive enzyme, pepsin. The immobilization of pepsin was performed successfully by a method similar to the one used for protein A. Pepsin is an aspartic protease that cleaves peptide bonds between hydrophobic and preferably aromatic amino acids, such as phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. In this evaluation, an antibody solution was introduced into the pepsin-immobilized spongy monolith (Pep-SpM), and the eluted fraction was analyzed by LC–MS. For comparison, samples in a simple solution containing pepsin and the antibody were also analyzed to confirm the cleaved peptides. The UV chromatograms a source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As mentioned above, the newly developed spongy monolith was suitable for a high-throughput affinity reaction. Because the immobilization of the proteins was based on a simple reaction with epoxy groups in the monolith, we believe that this material could be used for a variety of protein-based reactions. To explore this idea further, we carried out high-throughput online digestion using a digestive enzyme, pepsin. The immobilization of pepsin was performed successfully by a method similar to the one used for protein A. Pepsin is an aspartic protease that cleaves peptide bonds between hydrophobic and preferably aromatic amino acids, such as phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. In this evaluation, an antibody solution was introduced into the pepsin-immobilized spongy monolith (Pep-SpM), and the eluted fraction was analyzed by LC–MS. For comparison, samples in a simple solution containing pepsin and the antibody were also analyzed to confirm the cleaved peptides. The UV chromatogram think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male
file_name=biomedica_00432478.jpg caption=Phosphorylation state of a kinase determines its activity and regulation by modulation of its structure and stability44. The rigidification of the A-loop upon phosphorylation has been observed in PKA by the use of H/D exchange experiments45 and Src kinase by molecular dynamics simulations46. Although MLKL is a pseudo kinase and lacks catalytic activity, its phosphorylation by RIP3 is important for its role in necroptosis. Our analysis thus far elucidated influence of phosphorylation on inter-domain mobility mediated via the motion of brace helices. In this section, we explore conformational changes observed within the PsK domain of MLKL upon phosphorylation and how or whether NSA binding is affecting those structural changes. Our analysis shows that upon phosphorylation of MLKL at Thr357 (TPO357) and Ser358 (SEP358), the interactions between the residues of the A-loop are stabilized and several other residues in the N and C lobes of the PsK domain form multiple H-bonds and salt bridges source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Phosphorylation state of a kinase determines its activity and regulation by modulation of its structure and stability44. The rigidification of the A-loop upon phosphorylation has been observed in PKA by the use of H/D exchange experiments45 and Src kinase by molecular dynamics simulations46. Although MLKL is a pseudo kinase and lacks catalytic activity, its phosphorylation by RIP3 is important for its role in necroptosis. Our analysis thus far elucidated influence of phosphorylation on inter-domain mobility mediated via the motion of brace helices. In this section, we explore conformational changes observed within the PsK domain of MLKL upon phosphorylation and how or whether NSA binding is affecting those structural changes. Our analysis shows that upon phosphorylation of MLKL at Thr357 (TPO357) and Ser358 (SEP358), the interactions between the residues of the A-loop are stabilized and several other residues in the N and C lobes of the PsK domain form multiple H-bonds and salt brid think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=64yo Pacific Islander male
file_name=biomedica_00182204.jpg caption=The previous results showed that HS/heparin-derived oligosaccharides can specifically inhibit the LP of complement. The LP differs from the CP only in the pattern recognition molecule: MBL (in the WieLISA) vs. C1q, and the serine proteases, MASP-1 and−2 vs. C1r and C1s. To pinpoint whether the small heparin oligosaccharides interfere with MBL or MASPs, the inhibitory effect of heparin (fragments) on the MBL-mannan interaction was tested. Serum was co-incubated with or without the heparin (fragments) on a mannan coated plate and MBL binding to mannan was used as a read out. MBL binding to mannan in the absence of inhibitors showed a dose dependent binding, a serum concentration of 1:50 was used for the inhibition experiments (OD: 0.96) ( ="fig" "fimmu-11-00732-g0002">Figure 2A ). The results revealed that none of the selected heparin preparations, which all inhibit the LP in the WieLISA, could inhibit the MBL binding to mannan in any of the concentrations tested (). The results revealed source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The previous results showed that HS/heparin-derived oligosaccharides can specifically inhibit the LP of complement. The LP differs from the CP only in the pattern recognition molecule: MBL (in the WieLISA) vs. C1q, and the serine proteases, MASP-1 and−2 vs. C1r and C1s. To pinpoint whether the small heparin oligosaccharides interfere with MBL or MASPs, the inhibitory effect of heparin (fragments) on the MBL-mannan interaction was tested. Serum was co-incubated with or without the heparin (fragments) on a mannan coated plate and MBL binding to mannan was used as a read out. MBL binding to mannan in the absence of inhibitors showed a dose dependent binding, a serum concentration of 1:50 was used for the inhibition experiments (OD: 0.96) ( ="fig" "fimmu-11-00732-g0002">Figure 2A ). The results revealed that none of the selected heparin preparations, which all inhibit the LP in the WieLISA, could inhibit the MBL binding to mannan in any of the concentrations tested (). The results revea think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00757524.jpg caption=The relationship between the third bases of the codons of 13 PCGs was analyzed by Parity Rule2 bias. The results of the PR2‐plot analysis are shown in Figure "ECE3-14-e70268-g001" ="fig">6 . The genes of . The genes of ND1, ND4, ND4L, and ND5 were primarily dispersed unevenly in the second quadrant, with few species distributed on the median line. The frequency of the four bases in the third codon position of these genes was not consistent, showing G > C, (G3/[G3 + C3]) mean values of 0.68, 0.63, 0.70, and 0.62, respectively; T > A, (A3/[A3 + T3]) mean values of 0.33, 0.30, 0.30, and 0.31, respectively. The rest of the genes were mainly irregularly distributed in the fourth quadrant, which has a higher frequency of usage of A than T and a higher frequency of usage of C than G. It was thus evident that their codon preferences are affected by factors such as natural selection in addition to base mutations. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The relationship between the third bases of the codons of 13 PCGs was analyzed by Parity Rule2 bias. The results of the PR2‐plot analysis are shown in Figure "ECE3-14-e70268-g001" ="fig">6 . The genes of . The genes of ND1, ND4, ND4L, and ND5 were primarily dispersed unevenly in the second quadrant, with few species distributed on the median line. The frequency of the four bases in the third codon position of these genes was not consistent, showing G > C, (G3/[G3 + C3]) mean values of 0.68, 0.63, 0.70, and 0.62, respectively; T > A, (A3/[A3 + T3]) mean values of 0.33, 0.30, 0.30, and 0.31, respectively. The rest of the genes were mainly irregularly distributed in the fourth quadrant, which has a higher frequency of usage of A than T and a higher frequency of usage of C than G. It was thus evident that their codon preferences are affected by factors such as natural selection in addition to base mutations. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00020567.jpg caption=Surprised by these results, we conducted the eL22-HA/Puro PLA following puromycin washout ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2A ). We reasoned that after a short pulse of puromycin and an extended washout period, puromycylated NPCs would completely dissociate from ribosomes. After up to 45 min of washout, the eL22-HA/Puro PLA still produced intense signal comparable to anti-puromycin IF (). We reasoned that after a short pulse of puromycin and an extended washout period, puromycylated NPCs would completely dissociate from ribosomes. After up to 45 min of washout, the eL22-HA/Puro PLA still produced intense signal comparable to anti-puromycin IF ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2C ). We conducted a similar experiment using harringtonine runoff (). We conducted a similar experiment using harringtonine runoff ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2B ). Since the small-molecule drug harringtonine stalls n source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Surprised by these results, we conducted the eL22-HA/Puro PLA following puromycin washout ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2A ). We reasoned that after a short pulse of puromycin and an extended washout period, puromycylated NPCs would completely dissociate from ribosomes. After up to 45 min of washout, the eL22-HA/Puro PLA still produced intense signal comparable to anti-puromycin IF (). We reasoned that after a short pulse of puromycin and an extended washout period, puromycylated NPCs would completely dissociate from ribosomes. After up to 45 min of washout, the eL22-HA/Puro PLA still produced intense signal comparable to anti-puromycin IF ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2C ). We conducted a similar experiment using harringtonine runoff (). We conducted a similar experiment using harringtonine runoff ( ="fig" "elife-60048-fig1-figsupp2">Figure 1—figure supplement 2B ). Since the small-molecule drug harringtonine stall think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00297611.jpg caption=As measured by quantitative immunogold labelling in WT mice, the overall AQP4 linear density is 15 % higher for endfoot membrane domains abutting pericytes than for endfoot membrane domains abutting endothelium (Fig. "429_2016_1305_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 b, b, p < 0.001). This enrichment is statistically significant and present in all examined regions (p < 0.05 for CX, HC, SC and p < 0.001 for CB and IC), ranging from a factor of 1.26 higher in cortex to 1.08 in spinal cord. Nominally, the difference in linear density ranges from 2.60 (IC) to 1.01 (HC) gold particles per μm. We next investigated to what extent the regional, non-uniform expression of AQP4 in pericapillary endfeet was dependent on α-syntrophin. The difference between adjacent membrane domains remains following α-syntrophin gene deletion. Overall AQP4 linear density is 16 % higher in endfeet abutting pericytes compared to adjacent membranes abutting endothelium (Fig. "429_2016_1305_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 c, c, p < 0.05) in α-Sy source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: As measured by quantitative immunogold labelling in WT mice, the overall AQP4 linear density is 15 % higher for endfoot membrane domains abutting pericytes than for endfoot membrane domains abutting endothelium (Fig. "429_2016_1305_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 b, b, p < 0.001). This enrichment is statistically significant and present in all examined regions (p < 0.05 for CX, HC, SC and p < 0.001 for CB and IC), ranging from a factor of 1.26 higher in cortex to 1.08 in spinal cord. Nominally, the difference in linear density ranges from 2.60 (IC) to 1.01 (HC) gold particles per μm. We next investigated to what extent the regional, non-uniform expression of AQP4 in pericapillary endfeet was dependent on α-syntrophin. The difference between adjacent membrane domains remains following α-syntrophin gene deletion. Overall AQP4 linear density is 16 % higher in endfeet abutting pericytes compared to adjacent membranes abutting endothelium (Fig. "429_2016_1305_Fig6_HTML" ="fig">6 c, c, p < 0.05) in α think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00199211.jpg caption=The cross-sectional network of FCR symptoms, as estimated with the EBICglasso model, is shown in "fpsyt-13-803543-g0001" ="fig">Figure 1 . The generated network was most well-connected, with no isolated nodes. Out of 21 edges, 20 of them were estimated to be nonzero. The edge between FCR1 and FCR2 (“. The generated network was most well-connected, with no isolated nodes. Out of 21 edges, 20 of them were estimated to be nonzero. The edge between FCR1 and FCR2 (“Afraid of recurrence”-“Worried/anxious about recurrence”) was the thickest and most saturated edge in the network. "fpsyt-13-803543-g0002" ="fig">Figure 2 shows the network centrality indices. The node #FCR2 (“ shows the network centrality indices. The node #FCR2 (“Worried/anxious about recurrence”, Strength = 1.190, Betweenness = 4, and Closeness = 0.026) was the most central node within the network (with more direct connections with other nodes). Node #FCR6 (“Examining for physical signs”) was situated at the periphery of the m source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: The cross-sectional network of FCR symptoms, as estimated with the EBICglasso model, is shown in "fpsyt-13-803543-g0001" ="fig">Figure 1 . The generated network was most well-connected, with no isolated nodes. Out of 21 edges, 20 of them were estimated to be nonzero. The edge between FCR1 and FCR2 (“. The generated network was most well-connected, with no isolated nodes. Out of 21 edges, 20 of them were estimated to be nonzero. The edge between FCR1 and FCR2 (“Afraid of recurrence”-“Worried/anxious about recurrence”) was the thickest and most saturated edge in the network. "fpsyt-13-803543-g0002" ="fig">Figure 2 shows the network centrality indices. The node #FCR2 (“ shows the network centrality indices. The node #FCR2 (“Worried/anxious about recurrence”, Strength = 1.190, Betweenness = 4, and Closeness = 0.026) was the most central node within the network (with more direct connections with other nodes). Node #FCR6 (“Examining for physical signs”) was situated at the periphery of th think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=25yo White male
file_name=biomedica_00487833.jpg caption=MSA derived α-syn aggregates seed α-syn aggregation in HEK293 cells expressing YFP-labeled WT/A53T α-syn.Fluorescence micrographs of HEK293 cells expressing WT (upper panel)/A53T (lower panel) α-syn transfected with extracts from MSA1, MSA2 and control brain samples. Images were taken 7 days after transfection. Robust seeding was observed in MSA1 and MSA2 transfected A53T cells (puncta shown by white arrows) and faint seeding was observed in MSA1 and MSA2 transfected WT cells, whereas no seeding was observed in buffer or control transfected WT/A53T cells. Scale 100 µm. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: MSA derived α-syn aggregates seed α-syn aggregation in HEK293 cells expressing YFP-labeled WT/A53T α-syn.Fluorescence micrographs of HEK293 cells expressing WT (upper panel)/A53T (lower panel) α-syn transfected with extracts from MSA1, MSA2 and control brain samples. Images were taken 7 days after transfection. Robust seeding was observed in MSA1 and MSA2 transfected A53T cells (puncta shown by white arrows) and faint seeding was observed in MSA1 and MSA2 transfected WT cells, whereas no seeding was observed in buffer or control transfected WT/A53T cells. Scale 100 µm. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=32yo Hispanic female
file_name=biomedica_00510131.jpg caption=Considering that there are some missing unknown associations in the matrix Y, WKNKN pre-processing is used to minimize the error. K represents the number of nearest known neighbours. p represents a decay term where p ≤ 1. These two parameters will be fixed to the optimal value before performing our method NPCMF. The sensitivities regarding K and p are represented by Figs. "12859_2019_2956_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 and and "12859_2019_2956_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 , respectively. The AUC tends to be stable when , respectively. The AUC tends to be stable when K = 5 and p = 0.7.Fig. 3Sensitivity analysis for K under CV-pFig. 4Sensitivity analysis for p under CV-p source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Considering that there are some missing unknown associations in the matrix Y, WKNKN pre-processing is used to minimize the error. K represents the number of nearest known neighbours. p represents a decay term where p ≤ 1. These two parameters will be fixed to the optimal value before performing our method NPCMF. The sensitivities regarding K and p are represented by Figs. "12859_2019_2956_Fig3_HTML" ="fig">3 and and "12859_2019_2956_Fig4_HTML" ="fig">4 , respectively. The AUC tends to be stable when , respectively. The AUC tends to be stable when K = 5 and p = 0.7.Fig. 3Sensitivity analysis for K under CV-pFig. 4Sensitivity analysis for p under CV-p A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00067549.jpg caption=Since SVZdNP are mostly destined to become neurons in physiological conditions, the phenotype of these YFP+ cells in the CC was examined by immunofluorescence ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 A,B). At early time points (W3), a significant fraction of YFP+ cells (up to almost 40% in the posterior CC) expressed the astrocytic marker GFAP (A,B). At early time points (W3), a significant fraction of YFP+ cells (up to almost 40% in the posterior CC) expressed the astrocytic marker GFAP ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 C,D and C,D and Table 2). This proportion decreased to around 10% later on. These observations suggest that SVZdNP take part to the important reactive astrogliogenesis that has been shown to occur concomitantly to oligodendrocyte loss in the cuprizone model (Skripuletz et al., 2011). Regarding oligodendrocyte lineage, at W3 more than one third (36.1±1.3%) of YFP+ SVZdNP already expressed the Olig2 marker in the anterior CC ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 A-C source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Since SVZdNP are mostly destined to become neurons in physiological conditions, the phenotype of these YFP+ cells in the CC was examined by immunofluorescence ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 A,B). At early time points (W3), a significant fraction of YFP+ cells (up to almost 40% in the posterior CC) expressed the astrocytic marker GFAP (A,B). At early time points (W3), a significant fraction of YFP+ cells (up to almost 40% in the posterior CC) expressed the astrocytic marker GFAP ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 C,D and C,D and Table 2). This proportion decreased to around 10% later on. These observations suggest that SVZdNP take part to the important reactive astrogliogenesis that has been shown to occur concomitantly to oligodendrocyte loss in the cuprizone model (Skripuletz et al., 2011). Regarding oligodendrocyte lineage, at W3 more than one third (36.1±1.3%) of YFP+ SVZdNP already expressed the Olig2 marker in the anterior CC ( ="fig" "biolopen-4-012773-g4">Fig. 4 A think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00663609.jpg caption=After MI, the necrotic cells and matrix fragments in the infarct area produce damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signaling molecules, leading to the increase of mitochondrial ROS and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. To clarify whether the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome by LQF and perindopril is related to the inhibition of ROS, we detected the ROS levels in the cardiac tissue (Figures ="fig" "ECAM2021-5518083.004">4(a) and and ="fig" "ECAM2021-5518083.004">4(c) ). The ROS staining results showed that a higher level of ROS was observed in the model group. However, LQF and perindopril reduced the production of ROS. By contrast, ROS could powerfully trigger the association of TXNIP with NLRP3. As shown in ). The ROS staining results showed that a higher level of ROS was observed in the model group. However, LQF and perindopril reduced the production of ROS. By contrast, ROS could powerfully trigger the association of TXNIP with NLRP3. As shown in ="fig" "ECAM2021-5518083. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: After MI, the necrotic cells and matrix fragments in the infarct area produce damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signaling molecules, leading to the increase of mitochondrial ROS and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. To clarify whether the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome by LQF and perindopril is related to the inhibition of ROS, we detected the ROS levels in the cardiac tissue (Figures ="fig" "ECAM2021-5518083.004">4(a) and and ="fig" "ECAM2021-5518083.004">4(c) ). The ROS staining results showed that a higher level of ROS was observed in the model group. However, LQF and perindopril reduced the production of ROS. By contrast, ROS could powerfully trigger the association of TXNIP with NLRP3. As shown in ). The ROS staining results showed that a higher level of ROS was observed in the model group. However, LQF and perindopril reduced the production of ROS. By contrast, ROS could powerfully trigger the association of TXNIP with NLRP3. As shown in ="fig" "ECAM2021-55180 think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=48yo Middle Eastern male
file_name=biomedica_00602184.jpg caption=In the next step, the similarity of obtained ARG amplicons to reference sequences of variants was analysed. It was revealed that 11 out of 79 identified amplicons perfectly matched one or more reference sequences. From those, only four amplicons of the ermF gene could be assigned to the unique reference sequence (variant). It was observed that the vast majority of ermF amplicons and two of the tetX amplicons had at least two mismatches with known reference sequences. The maximum dissimilarity between the amplicons obtained and the reference sequences reached up to 50 mismatches ( "fgene-14-1334646-g003" ="fig">Figure 3A and and "fgene-14-1334646-g004" ="fig">Figure 4A ).). The relative abundance of obtained amplicons in subsequent stages of the WWTP has been analysed. It was shown that the relative abundance of 12 ermF amplicons, five tetX amplicons and one sul2 amplicon was higher than 1.00% in at least one of the analysed samples, and these dominant variants constituted on average 97 source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In the next step, the similarity of obtained ARG amplicons to reference sequences of variants was analysed. It was revealed that 11 out of 79 identified amplicons perfectly matched one or more reference sequences. From those, only four amplicons of the ermF gene could be assigned to the unique reference sequence (variant). It was observed that the vast majority of ermF amplicons and two of the tetX amplicons had at least two mismatches with known reference sequences. The maximum dissimilarity between the amplicons obtained and the reference sequences reached up to 50 mismatches ( "fgene-14-1334646-g003" ="fig">Figure 3A and and "fgene-14-1334646-g004" ="fig">Figure 4A ).). The relative abundance of obtained amplicons in subsequent stages of the WWTP has been analysed. It was shown that the relative abundance of 12 ermF amplicons, five tetX amplicons and one sul2 amplicon was higher than 1.00% in at least one of the analysed samples, and these dominant variants constituted on average think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00369596.jpg caption=Due to their structure, which allows hydrogen bond network formation, organic acids can be used as HBDs/HBAs to form organic acid-based DESs (OA-DESs). Such formulations are expected to be water soluble and combine desired features of organic acids while increasing their permeability—placing OA-DESs as a class I drug, according to the biopharmaceutical characterization system of drugs ( "ijms-24-08492-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ).). source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Due to their structure, which allows hydrogen bond network formation, organic acids can be used as HBDs/HBAs to form organic acid-based DESs (OA-DESs). Such formulations are expected to be water soluble and combine desired features of organic acids while increasing their permeability—placing OA-DESs as a class I drug, according to the biopharmaceutical characterization system of drugs ( "ijms-24-08492-g005" ="fig">Figure 5 ).). A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=36yo Indigenous female
file_name=biomedica_00683963.jpg caption=In "entropy-25-01499-g0A18" ="fig">Figure A18 , at 99 perplexity, the , at 99 perplexity, the 9p non-entangled model (orange) exhibits a similar elliptic pattern as the 6p non-entangled model, while the entangled model (brown) displays a more defined elliptic pattern. source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In "entropy-25-01499-g0A18" ="fig">Figure A18 , at 99 perplexity, the , at 99 perplexity, the 9p non-entangled model (orange) exhibits a similar elliptic pattern as the 6p non-entangled model, while the entangled model (brown) displays a more defined elliptic pattern. A: Clinical findings require correlation. P: Further evaluation recommended. think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=28yo South Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00076332.jpg caption=We examined whether intrathecal administration of AAV-CM induces IFNβ in the CNS of mice that express a luciferase gene under control of the IFNβ promoter [10]. AAV-CM and AAV-GFP were injected intrathecally, and luciferase activity was measured at 1-, 3-, 7- and 21-days post administration. In vivo imaging revealed that a single intrathecal injection of AAV-CM resulted in a significant increase of IFNβ expression within the CNS at 1-, 3- and 7-days post injection ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). Furthermore, IFNβ expression remained detectable for an additional 14 days post intrathecal injection (A). Furthermore, IFNβ expression remained detectable for an additional 14 days post intrathecal injection ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). AAV-CM-induced IFNβ response was dose-dependent (A). AAV-CM-induced IFNβ response was dose-dependent ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). As expected, intrathecal AAV-GFP did not induce IFNβ at any time point.A). As expected, intr source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: We examined whether intrathecal administration of AAV-CM induces IFNβ in the CNS of mice that express a luciferase gene under control of the IFNβ promoter [10]. AAV-CM and AAV-GFP were injected intrathecally, and luciferase activity was measured at 1-, 3-, 7- and 21-days post administration. In vivo imaging revealed that a single intrathecal injection of AAV-CM resulted in a significant increase of IFNβ expression within the CNS at 1-, 3- and 7-days post injection ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). Furthermore, IFNβ expression remained detectable for an additional 14 days post intrathecal injection (A). Furthermore, IFNβ expression remained detectable for an additional 14 days post intrathecal injection ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). AAV-CM-induced IFNβ response was dose-dependent (A). AAV-CM-induced IFNβ response was dose-dependent ( "ijms-23-11292-g001" ="fig">Figure 1 A). As expected, intrathecal AAV-GFP did not induce IFNβ at any time point.A). As expected, i think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=58yo White female
file_name=biomedica_00504699.jpg caption=Cox regression analyses with total BCAA per standard deviation (SD) as continuous variable showed that higher total BCAA was associated with a higher risk of developing PTDM (HR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.08–1.89, p = 0.01), independent of age and sex (Table 3, model 1). After adjustment for other potential confounders, including renal function parameters, lipids, dietary and lifestyle factors, and use of medication the association did not materially change (Table 3, model 2–6). In additional Cox regression analyses with total BCAA divided in the highest tertile versus the two lower tertiles, total BCAA was again significantly associated with development of PTDM, independent of age and sex (HR: 2.07; 95% CI 1.07–3.99, p = 0.03). Further adjustment for potential confounders did not change the association (Table 3, model 2–6). To illustrate the association of total BCAA with development of PTDM, an age and sex adjusted penalized spline is shown in ="fig" "jcm-09-00511-g002">Figure 2 . We found no s source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: Cox regression analyses with total BCAA per standard deviation (SD) as continuous variable showed that higher total BCAA was associated with a higher risk of developing PTDM (HR: 1.43, 95% CI 1.08–1.89, p = 0.01), independent of age and sex (Table 3, model 1). After adjustment for other potential confounders, including renal function parameters, lipids, dietary and lifestyle factors, and use of medication the association did not materially change (Table 3, model 2–6). In additional Cox regression analyses with total BCAA divided in the highest tertile versus the two lower tertiles, total BCAA was again significantly associated with development of PTDM, independent of age and sex (HR: 2.07; 95% CI 1.07–3.99, p = 0.03). Further adjustment for potential confounders did not change the association (Table 3, model 2–6). To illustrate the association of total BCAA with development of PTDM, an age and sex adjusted penalized spline is shown in ="fig" "jcm-09-00511-g002">Figure 2 . We found n think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=67yo Asian female
file_name=biomedica_00447680.jpg caption=In Group II (LMWH vs. inhibitor of factor Xa), four studies [21, 28, 30, 31] for THR and four studies [24, 25, 27, 32] for TKR reported the incidence of major bleeding. Fixed effect model was used as low heterogeneity was observed for THR (Q value = 4.236, df = 3, P = 0.237, I-squared = 29.18%) and TKR (Q value = 3.543, df = 3, P = 0.315, I-squared = 15.33%). The overall effect size indicated that the chance of major bleeding was similar between types of treatment both for THR and TKR (THR: OR = 1.370, 95% CI = 0.829–2.265, P = 0.219; TKR: OR = 0.882, 95% CI = 0.577–1.349, P = 0.563) (Fig. "12891_2018_2215_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5a ; Additional file ; Additional file 1: Table S1).Fig. 5Forest plot for comparing the major bleeding rate between LMWH vs. (a) LMWH vs. inhibitor of factor Xa and (b) LMWH vs. direct thrombin inhibitor for THR and TKR patients. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; Lower limit, lower bound of the 95% CI; Upper limit, upper bound of the 95% CI In Group III (LMWH source=biomedica enhanced_caption=O: In Group II (LMWH vs. inhibitor of factor Xa), four studies [21, 28, 30, 31] for THR and four studies [24, 25, 27, 32] for TKR reported the incidence of major bleeding. Fixed effect model was used as low heterogeneity was observed for THR (Q value = 4.236, df = 3, P = 0.237, I-squared = 29.18%) and TKR (Q value = 3.543, df = 3, P = 0.315, I-squared = 15.33%). The overall effect size indicated that the chance of major bleeding was similar between types of treatment both for THR and TKR (THR: OR = 1.370, 95% CI = 0.829–2.265, P = 0.219; TKR: OR = 0.882, 95% CI = 0.577–1.349, P = 0.563) (Fig. "12891_2018_2215_Fig5_HTML" ="fig">5a ; Additional file ; Additional file 1: Table S1).Fig. 5Forest plot for comparing the major bleeding rate between LMWH vs. (a) LMWH vs. inhibitor of factor Xa and (b) LMWH vs. direct thrombin inhibitor for THR and TKR patients. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; Lower limit, lower bound of the 95% CI; Upper limit, upper bound of the 95% CI In Group III (LM think=<think>Visual findings present in image → Clinical correlation needed → ICD R69 assigned → Moderate uncertainty due to limited context</think> icd_code=R69 uncertainty=medium modality=multi-modal demographic=55yo Hispanic male

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