After training 𝐒𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐋𝐌𝟑 on 𝟑𝟖𝟒 𝐇𝟏𝟎𝟎𝐬 for nearly a month, I've come to realize something most people overlook: 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞-𝐨𝐫-𝐛𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐤 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐋𝐋𝐌 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠. 🔥
Everyone talks about model architecture and data quality. And yes, those matter immensely. But here's what nobody tells you: when your training run fails at 2 AM because of mysterious 𝐍𝐂𝐂𝐋 𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐨𝐫𝐬, or when your expensive GPU cluster is running at 𝟔𝟎% 𝐞𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲, the problem isn't your model. It's most probably a 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐞. 🛠️
Questions that seemed simple but had no clear answers: Why is 𝐌𝐨𝐄 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐬? Which 𝐍𝐂𝐂𝐋 𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐬 should we actually set? How often should we checkpoint without killing throughput?
That's why we built 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐦𝐨𝐥 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐏𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐛𝐨𝐨𝐤 📖: a complete guide covering everything from model architecture and data curation to the SmolLM3 training marathon, post-training techniques, and crucially, the 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐞𝐫 that most teams get wrong.
We validated real vs theoretical bandwidth across the entire stack: 𝐇𝐁𝐌𝟑 𝐡𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝟑 𝐓𝐁/𝐬, 𝐍𝐕𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝟒.𝟎 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝟕𝟖𝟔 𝐆𝐁/𝐬, 𝐏𝐂𝐈𝐞 𝐆𝐞𝐧𝟒 𝐚𝐭 𝟏𝟒.𝟐 𝐆𝐁/𝐬. Then we ran collective operations across 𝟏𝟐𝟖 𝐆𝐏𝐔𝐬 (16 nodes, 8xH100s each) and measured how performance degrades at scale: all-reduce drops from 𝟒𝟖𝟎 𝐆𝐁/𝐬 on a single node to 𝟑𝟐𝟎-𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝐆𝐁/𝐬 across 16 nodes.
If you've ever wondered why your training runs are slower than they should be, or you're planning to scale up and want to avoid expensive mistakes, this guide might save you weeks of debugging.
3C3H AraGen Leaderboard welcomes today deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3 and 12 other models (including the late gpt-3.5 💀) to the ranking of best LLMs in Arabic !
Observations: - DeepSeek-v3 ranked 3rd and only Open model among the top 5 !
- A 14B open model (Qwen/Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct) outperforms gpt-3.5-turbo-0125 (from last year). This shows how much we came in advancing and supporting Arabic presence within the LLM ecosystem !
- Contrary to what observed in likelihood-acc leaderboards (like OALL/Open-Arabic-LLM-Leaderboard) further finetuned models like maldv/Qwentile2.5-32B-Instruct actually decreased the performance compared to the original model Qwen/Qwen2.5-32B-Instruct. It's worth to note that the decrease is statiscally insignificant which imply that at best, the out-domain finetuning do not really hurts the model original capabilities acquired during pretraining. Previous work addressed this (finetuning VS pretraining) but more investigation in this regard is required (any PhDs here ? This could be your question ...)
~75% on the challenging GPQA with only 40M parameters 🔥🥳
GREAT ACHIEVEMENT ! Or is it ?
This new Work, "Data Laundering: Artificially Boosting Benchmark Results through Knowledge Distillation", take out the mystery about many models i personally suspected their results. Speacially on leaderboards other than the english one, Like the Open Arabic LLM Leaderbaord OALL/Open-Arabic-LLM-Leaderboard.
The authors of this work, first started by training a model on the GPQA data, which, unsurprisingly, led to the model achieving 100% performance.
Afterward, they trained what they referred to as a 'legitimate' model on legitimate data (MedMCQA). However, they introduced a distillation loss from the earlier, 'cheated' model.
What they discovered was fascinating: the knowledge of GPQA leaked through this distillation loss, even though the legitimate model was never explicitly trained on GPQA during this stage.
This raises important questions about the careful use of distillation in model training, especially when the training data is opaque. As they demonstrated, it’s apparently possible to (intentionally or unintentionally) leak test data through this method.
Unpopular opinion: Open Source takes courage to do !
Not everyone is brave enough to release what they have done (the way they've done it) to the wild to be judged ! It really requires a high level of "knowing wth are you doing" ! It's kind of a super power !